Performance enhancing drugs (doping agents) and sudden death - a case report and review of the literature

Hausmann, Roland; Hammer, Stefan; Betz, P.

doi:10.1007/s004140050165

Cited by 110 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A Swedish study suggested that AAS abuse is associated with an increased risk of premature death, especially among persons with additional substance abuse and/or psychiatric disease (Petersson et al 2006a). After long-term AAS abuse (sudden) cardiac death is the most common manifestation of AAS toxicity (Di Paolo et al 2007;Dickerman et al 1995;Fineschi et al 2007;Hausmann et al 1998;Luke et al 1990; own observation).…”

Section: Pathological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Pathological Findings and Structure–Activity Relationships

Büttner

Thieme²

2009

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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Side effects of anabolic steroids with relevance in forensic medicine are mainly due to life-threatening health risks with potential fatal outcome and cases of uncertain limitations of criminal liability after steroid administration. Both problems are typically associated with long-term abuse and excessive overdose of anabolic steroids. Side effects may be due to direct genomic or nongenomic activities (myotrophic, hepatotoxic), can result from down-regulation of endogenous biosynthesis (antiandrogenic) or be indirect consequence of steroid biotransformation (estrogenic).Logically, there are no systematic clinical studies available and the number of causally determined fatalities is fairly limited. The following compilation reviews typical abundant observations in cases where nonnatural deaths (mostly liver failure and sudden cardiac death) were concurrent with steroid abuse. Moreover, frequent associations between structural characteristics and typical side effects are summarized.

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Section: Pathological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Pathological Findings and Structure–Activity Relationships

Büttner

Thieme²

2009

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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“…Abuse of certain drugs, such as cocaine, as well as risk factors for IHD, such as obesity and diabetes, may trigger myocardial ischaemia and SCD. [67][68][69] Physical inactivity is also considered a major risk factor for IHD, whereas regular physical training reduces the risk of SCD during vigorous exertion. 70 The benefits of regular physical activity and sports participation are believed to outweigh the increased risk for coronary events triggered by acute, intensive exercise.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for Competitive Sports Participation in Athletes With Cardiovascular Disease: A Consensus Document From the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology

Pelliccia¹,

Fagard²,

Bjøornstad³

2005

ACC Current Journal Review

177

321

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“…Nach einer amerikanischen Untersuchung sollen 7% der männlichen Oberschüler Steroide einnehmen -Tendenz steigend (DER SPIE- GEL 41, 1988). Die unübersehbaren Folgen des Dopingmissbrauchs vom Leberkarzinom bis zum plötzli-chen Herztod werden kaum beachtet [14,16,21,35,38]. Kritische Stimmen weisen darauf hin, dass der Dopingmissbrauch kein Problem der sportlichen Elite ist, sondern eine gesellschaftliche Dimension hat.…”

Section: Die Internistisch-kardiologische Betreuung Imunclassified

Der Tod im Sport?ein internistisches Problem?

Sack

2004

Herz

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Sports means fitness and endurance, regeneration and balance, game and fun. Lack of physical exercise is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Terrifying and not conclusive in the public's mind are events of sudden death, in particular if those are of nontraumatic cause and thus of cardiovascular origin. Organic pathologic examination revealed that a higher proportion of males are affected by sports death. Only 7-9% of those events are related to women, although the percentage of active women among sports people accounts for nearly 50%. The relative risk increases with age and intensity of endurance. For people who are untrained or not used to train, the risk of sudden death is potentially higher. In athletes > 35 years of age, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause (85%) of sudden death. In the group < 35 years, CAD and acute myocarditis are the predominant causes of sudden death, but also hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), disorders of the conducting system, and Marfan's syndrome. Additional risk factors like acute infections and misuse of doping drugs require the care of a specialist in internal medicine and/or cardiology on top of the care by a specialist in orthopedics and accident/rehabilitation medicine. Physical examination as a precaution and prevention strategy should be available for leisure sports as well as for athlete sports.

show abstract

Performance enhancing drugs (doping agents) and sudden death - a case report and review of the literature

Cited by 110 publications

References 44 publications

Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Pathological Findings and Structure–Activity Relationships

Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Pathological Findings and Structure–Activity Relationships

Der Tod im Sport?ein internistisches Problem?

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