In today's world, due to industrial and agricultural development, population explosion, water abuse and pollution, the water crisis caused by water shortage and water pollution has become a complex problem faced by most countries in terms of policy, economy and society. As a new type of wastewater treatment process, biological filter has been widely used at home and abroad. The purpose of this work is to study the characteristics of starting the hanging film culture after the advanced treatment of urban sewage sludge by aerated biological up-flow filter. By changing the ammonia nitrogen concentration, hydraulic retention time and filter material filling height, the treatment efficiency of the aerated biological filter was studied, and the optimal process operating conditions were determined and optimized. Using aerated biological up-flow filter to treat sewage sludge in M city, the COD removal rate is the lowest 30%, the highest removal rate is 47%; the turbidity removal results show that the highest removal rate is 92%, and the lower removal rate is 71%.