Performance evaluation of a PV (photovoltaic) module by back surface water cooling for hot climatic conditions

Bahaidarah, Haitham M. S.; Subhan, Abdul; Gandhidasan, P.; Rehman, Shafiqur

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2013.07.050

Cited by 491 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Rg in Equation (8) constantly changes, so date of measurement should be indicated together with grounding resistance. In the case of a floating PV system, an additional coefficient should be applied to Equation (9) considering the aforementioned three factors as below in Equation (11):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a floating PV system, the PV module is installed and operated in humid areas (on bodies of water or in wetlands) and the electricity produced is transmitted to the power grid for end users. The installation of the system is understandably more difficult compared with land-based PV systems; however, the power generation efficiency of a floating PV system is 10-15% higher than that of a land-based PV system because of the ambient temperature drop, which is caused by the absorption of the evaporation heat and reflection of light from the water surface [8][9][10][11][12]. There is also a positive effect on the proliferation of green algae [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs

Lim

Kim

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:Underwater grounding methods could be applied in deep water for grounding a floating PV (photovoltaic) system. However, the depth at which the electrodes should be located is a controversial subject. In this study, grounding resistance was measured for the first time by analyzing the water temperature at different water depths in an area where a floating PV system is installed. The theoretical calculation of the grounding resistance has a maximum error range of 8% compared to the experimentally measured data. In order to meet the electrical safety standards of a floating PV system, a number of electrodes were connected in parallel. In addition, the distance between electrodes and number of electrodes were considered in the test to obtain a formula for the grounding resistance. In addition, the coefficient of corrosion was obtained from an electrode installed underwater a year ago, and it was added to the formula. Through this analysis, it is possible to predict the grounding resistance prior to installing the floating PV system. Furthermore, the electrical safety of the floating PV system could be achieved by considering the seasonal changes in water temperature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs

Lim

Kim

et al. 2017

Energies

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show abstract

“…The common benefits presented for all the projects reviewed in this work were the reduction of evaporation of water from the reservoir and the decrease in the growth of aquatic vegetation due to the lower penetration of solar energy (when there are no environmental restrictions, as in artificial reservoirs). In most cases, it was found that the efficiency of the solar installation was improved by the cooling caused by the evaporation of the water, or by the direct contact of the panels with the water as in the conceptual design [3]. Still, in Trapani and Santafé, 2015 [2], were cited the projects implemented until 2013.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Environmental Sustainability of a 103.5 kWp floating Photovoltaic Electrical System with a Case Study in a Hydroelectric Power Plant, Santa Clara Hpp, Located in the South of Brazil Region

Portella¹,

Paludo²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2018

IJAERS

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“…The experimental result verified that by using this setup, it is possible to reach an improvement of 46.54% in electricity production. In the study [8], water stored in isolated tank was transferred to backside of PV module through PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) pipes by aid of a water pump (0.5 hp). To regulate the water flow inside the cooling panel, a flow-meter with maximum flow rate of 3.6 L/min is used.…”

Section: Cooling Techniques Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other limiting factors which decelerate extensive use of PV applications include the relatively low conversion efficiency of PV cells due to heating of PV panels, dust collection on its surface, usability only at daytime and dependence on weather, requirement of additional equipment (inverters or chargers). Consequently, in order to establish PVs as a commercially competitive technology, it is necessary to paid high attention on the factors which affect their energy performance [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A PI control system to work PV cell at fixed temperature and under constant radiation

2017

IJCCIE

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Abstract-Electrical conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells/modules/panels decreases with increase the temperature of PV cell/module/panel. A part of the incoming solar radiation is converted into useful electrical power by PV cells and the remaining is lost as waste heat. Furthermore, this waste heat causes to raise the cell temperature. When PV cell temperature rises, the open circuit voltage and fill factor decrease. In generally, mono-crystalline or poly-crystalline PV modules are used at experimental structures in alternative energy technology laboratories because output powers are higher and size is smaller. On the other hand, heat sensitiveness of crystalline silicon systems is higher than thin film technologies and their efficiency drops concretely while temperature rises. In laboratory conditions, the PV modules are usually illuminated with halogen lamps. The halogen lambs cause to warm rapidly PV modules. Consequently, accurate current-voltage characteristics of PV module for fixed illumination value usually cannot be determined because of increasing temperature during the experimental process. In the study, experimental investigation has been performed in order to detect cooling capability of direct air blow of prepared cooling system with two ventilators. Besides a control system with PI controller to work a 4.04W polycrystalline silicon PV cell at fixed working temperature and under constant solar radiation simulated with 500W halogen lamp has been constructed. Validation of the constructed system has been shown by using the experimental results and presented in figures.

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Performance evaluation of a PV (photovoltaic) module by back surface water cooling for hot climatic conditions

Cited by 491 publications

References 21 publications

Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs

Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs

Feasibility and Environmental Sustainability of a 103.5 kWp floating Photovoltaic Electrical System with a Case Study in a Hydroelectric Power Plant, Santa Clara Hpp, Located in the South of Brazil Region

A PI control system to work PV cell at fixed temperature and under constant radiation

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