Performance evaluation of an on-site biocomplex textile as an alternative daily cover in a sanitary landfill, South Korea

Abstract

The performance of a biocomplex textile prototype was evaluated as an alternative daily cover at an operational landfill site to mitigate odors and methane. The biocomplex textile prototype consisted of two layers of nonwoven fabric and biocarrier immobilized microorganisms and showed excellent removal of odors and methane compared to landfill cover soil. The complex odor intensity (odor dilution ratio (ODR)) on the surface of landfill cover soil was 1,000–10,000 ODR (average of 4,204 ODR), whereas it was 5–250 ODR (average of 55 ODR) on the surface of biocomplex textile. Hydrogen sulfide, which contributes a significant odor intensity, had an average concentration on the biocomplex textile of 8.64 parts-per-billion (ppb), compared to 1733.21 ppb on the landfill cover soil. The biocomplex textile also showed effective methane removal with methane concentrations of 0–1.2% (average of 0.3%) on the biocomplex textile compared to 0–20% (average of 5.3%) on the landfill cover soil. Bacterial community diversity in the biocomplex textile increased with time until an operating period of 66 days, after which diversity indices were maintained at a constant level. The dominant species were the methanotrophs Methylocaldum and Methylobacter, and the non-methanotrophs Acinetobacter, Serpens, Ohtaekwangia, and Actinophytocola. These results demonstrate that on-site biocomplex textile is a suitable alternative daily cover to mitigate odors and methane in landfills.

Ammonia and hydrogen sulphide odour emissions from different areas of a landfill in Hangzhou, China

“…Preventing the formation of holes in the film and related odour emissions is a key factor in controlling odour in landfill working areas. Therefore, the use of improved cover film material and standardisation of the operation process should be researched to improve odour control at landfill sites (Narani et al, 2020; Sadowska-Rociek et al, 2009; Solan et al, 2010; Yun et al, 2018).…”

“…Malodorous gas components are influenced by factors such as landfill size and age, landfill conditions (moisture, temperature, waste type, and pH), and environmental conditions (climate, seasonal moisture, temperature, and atmospheric conditions) (Lim et al, 2018; Lu et al, 2015; Sadowska-Rociek et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2017; Yun et al, 2018). The atmospheric concentrations of malodorous gases do not accurately reflect the concentrations at initial release in landfills, as the gases are measured after their diffusion into the atmosphere and are affected by several factors such as weather patterns, subjective perception, and interaction between different odours (Davoli et al, 2003; Firestein, 2001; Sadowska-Rociek et al, 2009).…”

“…Moreover, most landfills are designed as zoned landfills and often include exposed working and final closure areas (FCAs). Landfills often employ high-density polyethylene (HDPE) films to cover working areas in order to reduce the impact of gas and odour on the environment and human health (Solan et al, 2010; Yun et al, 2018). Holes and tears often develop in the HDPE film surface in temporarily covered areas (TCAs) because of construction and uneven settlement (Gilson-Beck, 2019; McQuade and Needham, 1999), and these films become important sources of malodorous gas release.…”

Analisis Molekular dan Karakteristik Hidrogen Sianida (HCN)

“…143,1 kj/mol Tabel 3. Sifat Termodinamika Hidrogen Sianida pembuatan asam sianida (HCN) yang paling sering dilakukan menggunakan metode, yang diciptakan oleh Leonid Andrussow, dimana metana (155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160)(161)(162)(163)(164)(165)(166)(167)(168)(169)(170)(171)(172)(173)(174) , dan amonia bereaksi pada suhu [206] sekitar 1200 o C menggunakan katalis platina (175)(176)(177)(178)(179)(180)(181)(182)(183)(184)(185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190)(191)(192)(193)(194) , dengan reaksi sebagai berikut :…”

“…Jika dua elektroda (172)(173)(174)(175)(176) yang terpisah dengan jarak ι berada pada selisih potensial ∆ϕ,maka ion dalam larutan diantara kedua elektroda (177) itu,mengalami medan listrik (178)(179)(180)(181)(182) seragam, seperti: E =…”