Performance evaluation of an ORC unit integrated to a waste heat recovery system in a steel mill

Ramirez, Mark; Epelde, M.; Arteche, M. Gomez de; Panizza, A.; Hammerschmid, Alfred; Baresi, M.; Monti, N.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.183

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…According to Wang et al [25], Kalina cycle systems displayed a higher performance than ORC systems. In general, the efficiency of the thermodynamic cycles varied from 6-21.7% [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Whr Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Heat Recovery Technologies Revisited with Emphasis on New Solutions, Including Heat Pipes, and Case Studies

et al. 2022

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Industrial processes are characterized by energy losses, such as heat streams rejected to the environment in the form of exhaust gases or effluents occurring at different temperature levels. Hence, waste heat recovery (WHR) has been a challenge for industries, as it can lead to energy savings, higher energy efficiency, and sustainability. As a consequence, WHR methods and technologies have been used extensively in the European Union (EU) (and worldwide for that matter). The current paper revisits and reviews conventional WHR technologies, their use in all types of industry, and their limitations. Special attention is given to alternative “new” technologies, which are discussed for parameters such as projected energy and cost savings. Finally, an extended review of case studies regarding applications of WHR technologies is presented. The information presented here can also be used to determine target energy performance, as well as capital and installation costs, for increasing the attractiveness of WHR technologies, leading to the widespread adoption by industry.

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Section: Whr Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Heat Recovery Technologies Revisited with Emphasis on New Solutions, Including Heat Pipes, and Case Studies

et al. 2022

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“…Due to the high potential for recovering the waste heat of an EAF, other authors have addressed the issue of implementing an ORC into such an application [4][5][6][7]. Bause et al [6] installed an ORC unit at an EAF shop in Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the addressed publications [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], the ORC is considered as running close to its design point. This is realized by either the application of an intermediate cycle, a storage system, or a bypass system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of an Adaptive Supersonic Micro Turbine for Waste Heat Recovery Applications

et al. 2021

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Micro turbines (<100 kWel) are commercially used as expansion machines in waste heat recovery (WHR) systems such as organic Rankine cycles (ORCs). These highly loaded turbines are generally designed for a specific parameter set, and their isentropic expansion efficiency significantly deteriorates when the mass flow rate of the WHR system deviates from the design point. However, in numerous industry processes that are potentially interesting for the implementation of a WHR process, the temperature, mass flow rate or both can fluctuate significantly, resulting in fluctuations in the WHR system as well. In such circumstances, the inlet pressure of the ORC turbine, and therefore the reversible cycle efficiency must be significantly reduced during these fluctuations. In this context, the authors developed an adaptive supersonic micro turbine for WHR applications. The variable geometry of the turbine nozzles enables an adjustment of the swallowing capacity in respect of the available mass flow rate in order to keep the upper cycle pressure constant. In this paper, an experimental test series of a WHR ORC test rig equipped with the developed adaptive supersonic micro turbine is analysed. The adaptive turbine is characterized concerning its off-design performance and the results are compared to a reference turbine with fixed geometry. To create a fair data basis for this comparison, a digital twin of the plant based on experimental data was built. In addition to the characterization of the turbine itself, the influence of the improved pressure ratio on the energy conversion chain of the entire ORC is analysed.

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“…Peris et al [3] installed an ORC system in a ceramic furnace and produced 21.8 kW of power with a maximum efficiency of 12.8% at 287 • C heat source temperature using exhaust gases. Ramirez et al [4] installed an ORC system on a steel mill and obtained a 21.7% efficiency at a heat source of 529.6 • C. However, the ORC-based waste heat recovery system includes a heat exchanger, pump, and turbine, which limits its application due to its wide installation area. TEG is an eco-friendly energy conversion device that uses the Seebeck effect, in which current is generated from the temperature difference between high-temperature and low-temperature sections at both ends of two semiconductors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery from a Billet Casting Process

Kang

Kim

2019

Energies

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The application of the thermoelectric generator (TEG) system to various industrial facilities has been explored to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the efficiency of such industrial facilities. In this study, numerical analysis was conducted according to the types and geometry of heat exchangers and manufacture process conditions to recover waste heat from a billet casting process using the TEG system. The total heat absorption increased by up to 10.0% depending on the geometry of the heat exchanger. Under natural convection conditions, the total heat absorption increased by up to 45.5%. As the minimum temperature increased, the effective area increased by five times. When a copper heat exchanger of direct conduction type was used, the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures was significantly reduced compared to when a stainless steel heat exchanger was used. This confirmed that the copper heat exchanger is more favorable for securing a uniform heat exchanger temperature. A prototype TEG system, including a thermosyphon heat exchanger, was installed and a maximum power of 8.0 W and power density of 740 W/m 2 was achieved at a hot side temperature of 130 • C. The results suggest the possibility of recovering waste heat from billet casting processes.

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Performance evaluation of an ORC unit integrated to a waste heat recovery system in a steel mill

Cited by 34 publications

References 4 publications

Waste Heat Recovery Technologies Revisited with Emphasis on New Solutions, Including Heat Pipes, and Case Studies

Waste Heat Recovery Technologies Revisited with Emphasis on New Solutions, Including Heat Pipes, and Case Studies

Experimental Characterization of an Adaptive Supersonic Micro Turbine for Waste Heat Recovery Applications

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery from a Billet Casting Process

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