Performance evaluation of bauxite residue modified asphalt concrete mixes

Sustainable utilization of bauxite residue (Red Mud) as a road material in pavements: A critical review

“…This correlated well with the bonding behavior of asphalt mastics that the asphalt mastic with red mud showed a lower bonding strength than that of the mixture with limestone powder after moisture conditioning [78]. In order to evaluate the raveling resistance of asphalt mixture with red mud as the filler, the Cantabro durability test was performed by Choudhary et al [116], as shown in Figure 21. The weight loss of mixtures indicates the loss of adhesion after different curing conditions.…”

“…Because of the higher porosity of red mud, red mud mixtures always obtain a higher air void content than that of conventional mixtures at similar binder contents. In addition, the OAC (the binder content corresponding to 4% air voids of compacted Marshall specimens) of red mud mixture (5.66%) was higher than that of the conventional mixture (5.34%) [116]. This indicates that using red mud to prepare asphalt mixtures could consume a higher amount of bitumen, which in turn has the potential to increase the overall cost of the mixture.…”

“…The results indicated that substituting the mineral powder for 3% of red mud reduced the permanent deformation from 6.10% to 5.31%, as shown in Figure 20. The superior rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures prepared with red mud was also verified based on the Marshall Stability test [116]. The parameter of Marshall Quotient (MQ), which is defined as the ratio of Marshall Stability (kN) to flow (mm) was employed to characterize the asphalt mixture's resistance to permanent deformation.…”

“…In addition, the chemical composition of red mud may also contribute to the superior high-temperature performance of related asphalt mixtures [112]. [116] found that the RMS value of the mineral filler mixture (88.57%) was higher than that of the red mud mixture (82.28%), but both of them satisfied the criterion of the minimum requirement (75%) [120]. In another publication, Choudhary et al [114] employed different waste materials as fillers and compared their influences on moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures by using the RMS parameter.…”

Utilization of Waste Glass Powder and Glass Composite Fillers in Asphalt Pavements

“…e aggregate portion which passes through the No. 200 sieve (75 μm) is termed as filler, which influences the mechanical behavior and durability of the asphalt mix [2][3][4].…”