Performance evaluation of distance protection of transmission lines connected with VSC-HVDC system using closed-loop test in RTDS

Alam, Mohammad Meraj; Leite, Hélder; Silva, Nuno; Carvalho, Adriano

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2017.06.025

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This kind of test allows adjustments and evaluation of embedded technology to observe its behavior in relation to various operating situations, testing equipment interoperability, fault conditions, switch on and off distributed generation, diverse meteorological conditions and contingencies. These studies may involve, for example, High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) (Zhang et al 2016), High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) (Alam et al 2017) and HVDC with superconducting applications (Din et al 2012). In addition, with the development and implementation of embedded technologies in the smart grids concept, the cyber security related to equipment of a power system is also a concern and, therefore, real-time simulators are also being used for tests with this purpose (Poudel et al 2017).…”

Section: Real-time Simulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Simulators Applied to Brazilian Power Systems: A Review

Oliveira

García

et al. 2020

J Control Autom Electr Syst

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This paper presents a review on real-time simulators and their use applied to power systems in Brazil. The review comprises most of the current research made in institutions/enterprises that own real-time simulators as well as the application trends of related technologies, considering both conferences and journals published papers. It is observed that several Brazilian universities have simulators in real-time and that the publications in journals have been increased, which shows that the learning curve of the Brazilian research institutions has led to an improvement in the quality of the publications. It is also important to emphasize that the analysis of real systems in most publications indicates a trend and a demand for studies with simulators in real time, to solve problems of companies of the electric sector. Related with works that use real systems in their simulations, several publications were generated in the context of R&D projects. This shows that real-time simulators are very relevant tools for studies on power systems of companies in the electricity sector, aligning scientific research and the provision of highly specialized services.

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Section: Real-time Simulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Simulators Applied to Brazilian Power Systems: A Review

Oliveira

García

et al. 2020

J Control Autom Electr Syst

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“…and the values of the flexible scalars (k p and k q ). Therefore, by substituting (24) and (25) into (3) and (4), the current references expressed in abc-frame for constant active power control strategy can be represented by:…”

Section: Case 2: Voltage Source Converter Solelymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the studies mentioned above neither discuss unbalanced faults nor test on a real distance relay. Even though unbalanced faults are of interests in [19]- [24], none of them has considered the impact of different VSC control strategies incorporating a converter current limit in each phase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of VSC Control Strategies and Incorporation of Synchronous Condensers on Distance Protection Under Unbalanced Faults

Jia

Yang

Nielsen

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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The short circuit response of a voltage source converter (VSC) under grid unbalanced faults mainly depends on the design of its control system. Due to the limited semiconductor overload capability, the short circuit current contributed by a VSC should be restricted within the limit for each phase. This might bring up challenges to the protection system of a converter-dominated power system. This paper derives a generic converter peak current limitation method for three different VSC control strategies. The impact of the control strategies and the combined impact of a VSC with a synchronous condenser on distance protection are evaluated using a commercial relay through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests. Based on the test results, we propose to avoid using constant reactive power control strategy. It poses an adverse impact on the reliability and speed of distance protection regardless of the presence of SC at the point of common coupling (PCC), while constant active power and balanced current control strategies favor the performances of distance protection.

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“…Issues associated with changing 'directions' of fault currents for close-up faults next to wind farms are demonstrated in [10]. Studies in [11][12][13][14] describe how a converter's control system and its limited current output can affect the apparent impedance as 'seen' by distance protection for resistive faults. The operation of relays located at grid integrated wind farms is studied in [15], conclusions have been drawn that certain protection elements are not working properly due to the generation's fault behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of low (zero) carbon power systems on power system protection: a new evaluation approach based on a flexible modelling and hardware testing platform

Zhu

Hong

et al. 2020

IET Renewable Power Generation

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This paper presents a flexible model and testing arrangement that can be used to mimic the fault infeed characteristics of power electronics converters and evaluate the performance of transmission protection schemes to faults when the system is "converter-dominated". That is, sources (e.g. renewables) and infeeds (e.g. HVDC interconnectors) that are interfaced to the main power system via converters. Actual protection relays are injected, in real time, using the outputs of the various fault simulations. A range of potential protection issues, including slow tripping, erroneous discrimination and non-operation, are illustrated for particular scenarios. The main contributions of the paper include knowledge of how different protection schemes may be affected by converter-interfaced sources and guidance on possible solutions to the observed problems. Two solution options are highlighted: changes to the fault detection methods used within relays, and/or defining the fault-response elements of future grid codes (and therefore future converter fault responses) to ensure that existing protection schemes will not be adversely affected in future low-carbon, converter-dominated systems.

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Performance evaluation of distance protection of transmission lines connected with VSC-HVDC system using closed-loop test in RTDS

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Real-Time Simulators Applied to Brazilian Power Systems: A Review

Real-Time Simulators Applied to Brazilian Power Systems: A Review

Impact of VSC Control Strategies and Incorporation of Synchronous Condensers on Distance Protection Under Unbalanced Faults

Impact of low (zero) carbon power systems on power system protection: a new evaluation approach based on a flexible modelling and hardware testing platform

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