Performance evaluation of p-cycle based protection methods for provisioning of dynamic multicast sessions in mesh WDM networks

Abstract

Network survivability is crucial to both unicast and multicast traffic. Up to now, extensive research has been done on unicast traffic protection. Recently, due to the rapid growth of multicast applications, such as video-conferencing, high definition television (HDTV), distance learning, and multi-player on-line gaming, the problem of multicast traffic protection has started to draw more research interests. The preconfigured protection cycle ( p-cycle) method proposed by Grover offers fast speed in restoration (because p-cycles are pre-cross-connected) and high efficiency in resource utilization (because p-cycles protect both on-cycle and straddling links). So far p-cycles based protection approaches have been intensively studied for unicast traffic protection, but have been rarely investigated for multicast traffic. We propose to apply p-cycles to dynamic protection provisioning of multicast traffic, and evaluate the blocking performance in comparison to other existing multicast protection schemes. We consider three different p-cycle based multicasting protection methods, namely dynamic p-cycle (DpC) design, p-cycle based protected working capacity envelope (PWCE) design, and hybrid DpC and PWCE design. We show that p-cycle-based multicast protection approaches offer much better blocking performance, as compared with other existing multicast protection schemes. The main reasons for the much better blocking performance are attributed to the facts that (i) the selection of p-cycles is independent of the routing of the multicast light trees, (ii) there are no path/segment disjoint constraints between the

Multicast protection and grooming scheme in survivable WDM optical networks

“…In WDM optical networks, multicast protection approach can be classified into following five categories: (1) tree-based protection [15,16], (2) ring-based protection [17], (3) path-based protection [18][19][20][21], (4) segment-based protection [22,23], and (5) cycle-based protection [24][25][26][27]. Generally, to protect a light-tree for optical multicast, a pair of link-disjoint or arc-disjoint light-trees [23] is deployed.…”

“…Ring based approaches are fast in link failure recovery, because only the end nodes of the failed link take action, but the drawback is the inefficiency of resource utilization [17]. Several p-cycle based protection approaches including the link-protecting p-cycle [24,26], flow p-cycle [27], and path-protecting p-cycle [30] were proposed for protecting links, segments and paths, respectively. Compared with the ring based protection approaches it has better re-provisioning and it also offers mesh-like high efficiency, because p-cycles can protect both on-cycle and straddling links [27].…”

Optical quorum cycles for efficient communication

“…The generalization of p-cycle protection to allow for path and link protection was proposed by [2]. P-cycle protection of unicast and multicast traffic networks requires preconfiguration, and the offline nature allows for the efficient cycles to be selected [12,13]. [14] examined both path-based and link-based protection schemes in WDM networks.…”

Enhancing fault tolerance capabilities in quorum-based cycle routing

“…The generalization of p-cycle protection to allow for path and link protection was proposed by [6]. P-cycle protection of unicast and multicast traffic networks requires preconfiguration and the offline nature allows for the efficient cycles to be selected [7], [8]. The use of path-pair protection, linked-based shared protection, spanning paths, and p-cycles to protect multicast sessions have all been proposed for WDM networks as well [9]- [13].…”