Performance evaluation of PDM/SAC-OCDMA-FSO communication system using DPS code under fog, dust and rain

El-Mottaleb, Somia A. Abd; Métwalli, Ahmed; ElDallal, Tarek A.; Hassib, Mostafa; Fayed, Heba A.; Aly, Moustafa H.

doi:10.1007/s11082-022-04155-z

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…To increase the capacity of FSO, Somaya Abd El Mottaleb et al [22] developed hybrid polarization division multiplexing (PDM) with spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA). Two polarization signals were used with three channels and each of them carries 10 Gbps with diagonal permutation shift (DPS) code.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Efficiency of FSO Communication Using a Hybrid Optimization Based U-NET Model in 6G Applications

Sreeni,

Vasavi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The sixth generation (6G) wireless communication has significant impact due to massive connectivity and higher data rate. 6G is enhanced with Free Space Optical (FSO) communication in which the optical data is transmitted with a free spectrum license and higher security. But atmospheric circumstances have an impact on how well FSO communication works. The novel detection approach is proposed in this paper to enhance performance by mitigating the effect of atmospheric turbulence. Initially, the input signal is modulated with an On-Off keying (OOK) based modulation technique and transmitted through FSO communication channel. On the receiver side, signal detection can be accomplished with hybrid optimization Particle Swarm Hill Climbing Algorithm based (PSHCA)-U-net. The U-net architecture is modified to enhance the U-net performance by optimizing the hyperparameters with a hybrid PSHCA algorithm. Tests are conducted using various atmospheric weather scenarios on the proposed PSHCA-U-net model.Finally, simulations are performed to determine the performance of a proposed architecture and evaluated using Bit Error rate (BER), accuracy, transmission time, latency, spectral efficiency etc. Using the proposed approach, the spectral efficiency and latency are improved with 100 Gbps/Hz and 1ms. In terms of BER and other performance measures, the proposed solution outperforms the current strategy. It shows the superiority of a proposed approach while considering 6G parameters.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Efficiency of FSO Communication Using a Hybrid Optimization Based U-NET Model in 6G Applications

Sreeni,

Vasavi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) is a multiple access technique that allows for distributed channel access arbitration between several network nodes. 4 OCDMA is gaining a lot of interest as a promising multiple access technology that allows asynchronous users to share common resources without the need for central controllers, which is much desired in a free space environment. OCDMA technology uses the limited available bandwidth to provide safe communication between multiple users while enabling simultaneous multi-user access with high data transmission capability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) is a multiple access technique that allows for distributed channel access arbitration between several network nodes 4 . OCDMA is gaining a lot of interest as a promising multiple access technology that allows asynchronous users to share common resources without the need for central controllers, which is much desired in a free space environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different codes on the performance of SAC‐OCDMA over FSO link

Das,

Islam

2024

Int J Communication

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SummaryThis paper evaluates the performance of a spectral‐amplitude‐coding optical code division multiple access (SAC‐OCDMA) system over a free space optical (FSO) communication link under various weather conditions such as fog, snow, and rain. The system uses different code families, including modified quadrature congruence (MQC), random diagonal (RD), and diagonal eigenvalue unity (DEU), to address user codes and reduce the effects of multiple access interference (MAI). The system's bit error rate (BER) performance has been analyzed taking into account receiver noises and MAI, and calculates the required optical power for a BER value of 10−9 under different weather conditions. The results show that fog has the most significant impact on the system's performance, while rainy conditions require the lowest optical power. The performance of the system also declines with increasing transmission length and concurrent user count. Finally, the paper compares the performance of different code families under unfavorable weather conditions and concludes that DEU performs better than MQC and RD in bad weather.

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“…Despite displaying noteworthy levels of performance, implementation of such a code in an actual networking scenario would be challenging. Alternatively, diagonal permutation shift codes are used to encode the different polarization signals of an OCDMA network based on FSO in [20]. Unfortunately, the latter can only accommodate a limited number of users in the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Free-Space Optical CDMA Networks

Álvarez-Roa,

Raddo

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid network solution using optical code-division multipleaccess and free-space optics (OCDMA-FSO) to support multiple data rates and quality-of-service according to user requirements. The proposed OCDMA-FSO network classifies users into diverse classes based on their requirements and allows for signal transmission in a fully asynchronous manner. The new hybrid network employs 2-D OCDMA codes as well as a variable aperture FSO receiver together with an equal gain combining (EGC) technique. We derive completely new analytical formalisms to evaluate the network performance in terms of average bit error rate (ABER), outage probability, effective data rate during outages, and ergodic capacity. The derived ABER expressions are validated via Monte-Carlo simulations. These new analytical formalisms are derived considering several atmospheric turbulence conditions such as uncorrelated, totally correlated, and partially correlated turbulence. To model this atmospheric turbulence, we derive the gamma-gamma (GG) distribution, which allows us to consider both the scintillation effect and the EGC technique. Finally, we carry out a comprehensive performance evaluation of the proposed hybrid network. Analytical results show that as the number of FSO receiver apertures increases, there is an improvement in overall performance levels. However, the ergodic capacity exhibits minimal improvement even as the number of FSO receiver apertures increases, regardless of the user requirements and turbulence conditions. The proposed network is a potential solution for scenarios that demand flexibility in bandwidth and data rate allocation.

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Performance evaluation of PDM/SAC-OCDMA-FSO communication system using DPS code under fog, dust and rain

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Improving the Efficiency of FSO Communication Using a Hybrid Optimization Based U-NET Model in 6G Applications

Improving the Efficiency of FSO Communication Using a Hybrid Optimization Based U-NET Model in 6G Applications

Influence of different codes on the performance of SAC‐OCDMA over FSO link

Flexible Free-Space Optical CDMA Networks

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