Performance Evaluation of Post-Quantum TLS 1.3 on Resource-Constrained Embedded Systems

Tasopoulos, George; Li, Jinhui; Fournaris, Apostolos P.; Zhao, Raymond K.; Sakzad, Amin; Steinfeld, Ron

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-21280-2_24

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Prior works on PQC in embedded systems and wireless networks are more closely related to our work on V2V. However, many existing works on embedded systems (e.g., [23], [24], [25], [26], [27]) do not consider the above constraints; for wireless systems, PQC has mostly been considered only for key exchange or encryption (in contrast to our focus on authentication) as in [19] (PQ key establishment protocols to encrypt 5G identifiers) and [73] (encryption for video streaming systems). In the vehicular domain, PQC is scantly represented.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We denote the i-th message by BSM i and its signature by sig i , packed into spdu i . The first stage (lines 3-11) and last stage (lines [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] are the same as for the ECDSA-based design conditioned on the Boolean value b c . This value is 1 if the entire hybrid certificate has been received and verified by the receiver within the five minutes that the pseudonym certificate has been used, (i.e., b c is set to 1 in line 18).…”

Section: Informal Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transitioning from classical (quantum-vulnerable) cryptography to PQC via hybrid designs is well-studied (e.g, in [70], [71], [30], [32], [72], [24], [31], [26], [27]); however, as discussed in Section I and shown in Fig. 1, most such work is for wired systems or other domains with less restrictive (or completely different) constraints.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. Moreover, we focus on the particular challenges of authenticating V2V message broadcasts over noisy wireless channels, whereas existing hybrid designs in embedded or vehicular systems tend to focus on confidentiality or access control [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], or else consider reliable, wired channels with bidirectional communication [23], [24], [25], [26], [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When Cryptography Needs a Hand: Practical Post-Quantum Authentication for V2V Communications

Twardokus,

Bindel,

Rahbari

et al. 2024

Proceedings 2024 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium

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We tackle the atypical challenge of supporting postquantum cryptography (PQC) and its significant overhead in safety-critical vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, dealing with strict overhead and latency restrictions within the limited radio spectrum for V2V. For example, we show that the current use of spectrum to support signature verification in V2V makes it nearly impossible to adopt PQC. Accordingly, we propose a scheduling technique for message signing certificate transmissions (which we find are currently up to 93% redundant) that learns to adaptively reduce the use of radio spectrum. In combination, we design the first integration of PQC and V2V, which satisfies the above stringent constraints given the available spectrum. Specifically, we analyze the three PQ signature algorithms selected for standardization by NIST, as well as XMSS (RFC 8391), and propose a Partially Hybrid authentication protocol-a tailored fusion of classical cryptography and PQC-for use in the V2V ecosystem during the nascent transition period we outline towards fully PQ V2V. Our provably secure protocol efficiently balances security and performance, as demonstrated experimentally with software-defined radios (USRPs), commercial V2V devices, and road traffic and V2V simulators. We show our joint transmission scheduling optimization and Partially Hybrid design are scalable and reliable under realistic conditions, adding a negligible average delay (0.39 ms per message) against the current state-of-the-art.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Informal Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

When Cryptography Needs a Hand: Practical Post-Quantum Authentication for V2V Communications

Twardokus,

Bindel,

Rahbari

et al. 2024

Proceedings 2024 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium

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“…We may already be investigating the impact of PQC on real-world performance, whereas NIST takes performance, security, and other factors into account when selecting algorithms for standardization. Therefore, the performance of the TLS handshake is of great importance [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience Optimization of Post-Quantum Cryptography Key Encapsulation Algorithms

Farooq

Altaf

Iqbal

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Recent developments in quantum computing have shed light on the shortcomings of the conventional public cryptosystem. Even while Shor’s algorithm cannot yet be implemented on quantum computers, it indicates that asymmetric key encryption will not be practicable or secure in the near future. The NIST has started looking for a post-quantum encryption algorithm that is resistant to the development of future quantum computers as a response to this security concern. The current focus is on standardizing asymmetric cryptography that should be impenetrable by a quantum computer. This has become increasingly important in recent years. Currently, the process of standardizing asymmetric cryptography is coming very close to being finished. This study evaluated the performance of two PQC algorithms, both of which were selected as NIST fourth-round finalists. The research assessed the key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation operations, providing insights into their efficiency and suitability for real-world applications. Further research and standardization efforts are required to enable secure and efficient post-quantum encryption. When selecting appropriate post-quantum encryption algorithms for specific applications, factors such as security levels, performance requirements, key sizes, and platform compatibility should be taken into account. This paper provides helpful insight for post-quantum cryptography researchers and practitioners, assisting in the decision-making process for selecting appropriate algorithms to protect confidential data in the age of quantum computing.

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Post-quantum Secure ZRTP

Ferreira,

Pascal

2024

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Performance Evaluation of Post-Quantum TLS 1.3 on Resource-Constrained Embedded Systems

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

When Cryptography Needs a Hand: Practical Post-Quantum Authentication for V2V Communications

When Cryptography Needs a Hand: Practical Post-Quantum Authentication for V2V Communications

Resilience Optimization of Post-Quantum Cryptography Key Encapsulation Algorithms

Post-quantum Secure ZRTP

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