Performance evaluation of time synchronization using current consumption pattern of BLE devices

Dian, F. John; Yousefi, Amirhossein; Somaratne, Kasun

doi:10.1109/ccwc.2018.8301666

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Additionally, some extensive research about tuning power consumption in order to increase lifetime of a battery from 9.55 days to 2.32 years [12] can be found. Furthermore, as seen in the work of Dian et al [13] the important part of time synchronization in a mesh network between BLE devices also gets addressed. They figured out that poor environmental conditions can lead to divergence of more than 17 μs in time synchronization.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetooth Performance Evaluation based on Notify for Real-time Body-Area Sensor Networks

Reich

Hubner

Ghita

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 &Amp; IoT

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This work focuses on the analysis of Bluetooth Sensor Networks and the maximum number of Bluetooth sensors nodes for real-time human activity recognition (HAR). M:1 multipairing is used as network topology. The tests use notify for the Bluetooth data transmission. We investigated the quality of service (QoS) for the maximum number of Bluetooth connections with real-time sensor data based on inertial measurement units (IMU). We show how many Bluetooth sensor nodes can be simultaneously connected using different commercial off-theshelf hardware and OS. On top of that we point out how the package loss behaves depending on the set time interval and used hardware. Our results show that a maximum number of 13 Bluetooth sensor nodes can be connected using an external Bluetooth dongle with the Linux OS. Connecting more than 10 Bluetooth sensor nodes at a frequency of 0.025 s tested in the Thinkpad P53 in combination with the DeLock Bluetooth dongle being most useful. This combination allowed a maximum number of simultaneous connections by having only a package loss of about 1.2%.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetooth Performance Evaluation based on Notify for Real-time Body-Area Sensor Networks

Reich

Hubner

Ghita

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 &Amp; IoT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, there is some extensive research about tuning power consumption in order to increase lifetime of a battery from 9.55 days to 2.32 year [12]. Furthermore, as seen in the work of Dian et al [13] the important part of time synchronization in a mesh network between BLE devices also gets addressed. They figured out that poor environmental conditions can lead to divergence of more than 17 µs in time synchronication.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Bluetooth in a Wireless Body Area Network for Practical Applications

Reich

Hubner

Ghita

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE 11th Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop (SAM)

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This work focuses on practical research in the field of Bluetooth 5.0 and the maximum number of Bluetooth sensors nodes in a wireless body area network (WBAN) for human activity recognition (HAR). As network topology M:1 multi-pairing is used. For the best of our knowledge no direct related work in this field can be found. We investigated how many Bluetooth connections can be simultaneously connected with different smartphones (iOS) with real sensor data and in which time intervals the data can still be processed and stored. Our results show that a maximum of 14 Bluetooth devices can be connected under practical conditions. A stable transmission with 48 bytes per package are found with most reliability in an minimal interval of 40 ms per node.

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“…In this case, an external analyzer device is needed, with the aim of recording observable events from which it is possible to derive time-shift information. Examples include a pin toggling task or the evaluation of different power consumption profiles (e.g., [11]). This solution avoids increasing the computational load of the platform; however, a drawback is that it usually requires the exploitation of additional in-lab hardware components such as the specific analyzer, limiting the feasibility of the diagnostic evaluation to the factory production stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment for the Validation of Wireless Communication Engines in an Innovative Wearable Monitoring Platform

Serrani,

Aliverti

2024

Sensors

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In today’s health-monitoring applications, there is a growing demand for wireless and wearable acquisition platforms capable of simultaneously gathering multiple bio-signals from multiple body areas. These systems require well-structured software architectures, both to keep different wireless sensing nodes synchronized each other and to flush collected data towards an external gateway. This paper presents a quantitative analysis aimed at validating both the wireless synchronization task (implemented with a custom protocol) and the data transmission task (implemented with the BLE protocol) in a prototype wearable monitoring platform. We evaluated seven frequencies for exchanging synchronization packets (10 Hz, 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 40 Hz, 50 Hz, 60 Hz, 70 Hz) as well as two different BLE configurations (with and without the implementation of a dynamic adaptation of the BLE Connection Interval parameter). Additionally, we tested BLE data transmission performance in five different use case scenarios. As a result, we achieved the optimal performance in the synchronization task (1.18 ticks as median synchronization delay with a Min-Max range of 1.60 ticks and an Interquartile range (IQR) of 0.42 ticks) when exploiting a synchronization frequency of 40 Hz and the dynamic adaptation of the Connection Interval. Moreover, BLE data transmission proved to be significantly more efficient with shorter distances between the communicating nodes, growing worse by 30.5% beyond 8 m. In summary, this study suggests the best-performing network configurations to enhance the synchronization task of the prototype platform under analysis, as well as quantitative details on the best placement of data collectors.

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Performance evaluation of time synchronization using current consumption pattern of BLE devices

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Bluetooth Performance Evaluation based on Notify for Real-time Body-Area Sensor Networks

Bluetooth Performance Evaluation based on Notify for Real-time Body-Area Sensor Networks

Performance Evaluation of Bluetooth in a Wireless Body Area Network for Practical Applications

Performance Assessment for the Validation of Wireless Communication Engines in an Innovative Wearable Monitoring Platform

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