Performance Evaluation of Welded Knitted E-Fabrics for Electrical Resistance Heating

Bahadır, Senem Kurşun; Atalay, Özgür; Kalaoğlu, Fatma; Vassiliadis, Savvas; Potirakis, Stelios M.

doi:10.1007/978-981-287-988-2_35

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…20 For the manufacturing of e-textiles, continuous ultrasonic plastic welding was firstly investigated to be used for bonding conductive stripes as transmission lines onto textile substrates. [21][22][23] Another study reported that currentcarrying textile-based conductor strips for contacting heatable nonwovens can also be processed using the continuous welding process. 24 The latest publications describe the investigations into ultrasonic spot welding as a technology for connecting textile-integrated conductors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interconnecting embroidered hybrid conductive yarns by ultrasonic plastic welding for e-textiles

Dils

Kapp

Reboun

et al. 2022

Textile Research Journal

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This article presents a novel approach for the electrical interconnection of embroidered conductive yarns with each other at defined cross-points using ultrasonic spot welding. The electrically conductive yarns are made of silver-coated copper microwires plied with polyester filament fibers into a hybrid embroidery yarn. In this study we evaluated the influence of different material properties (number of microwires of conductive yarn, fabric substrate, and adhesive film), the embroidery designs of contact pads, and the main parameters of the welding process (energy, force, amplitude, and tools) on the welded interconnection. The results were evaluated by the process yield and the contact resistance of the welded contacts. The electrical contacts were then tested for long-term reliability (elevated temperature and humidity, temperature shock change, bending, washing and drying) and analyzed. In addition, the contacts were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography and in the form of cross-sections with optical and SEM techniques to discuss interconnection and failure mechanisms. The results show that ultrasonic spot welding can enable the production of highly reliable interconnections of textile-integrated conductive yarns with contact resistances of a few milliohms that are resistant to mechanical, environmental, and washing conditions, leading to potential new manufacturing processes of e-textiles.

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confidence: 99%

Interconnecting embroidered hybrid conductive yarns by ultrasonic plastic welding for e-textiles

Dils

Kapp

Reboun

et al. 2022

Textile Research Journal

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“…Three trajectory patterns were prepared. Due to limitations in performance of spacer fabric knitting machines, and after further extended practical and theoretical knowledge, the final designs were characterised with the following features [31,32]:placement of a heating element was unidirectional,the straight trajectory of the heating element line was avoided not to limit the stretchability of the base material,the trajectory of a heating element within one design was kept in even distance in order to provide the most uniform heating,the smallest distance between heating yarns was 1 cm to avoid hotspots. Step 2. Calculating the resistance needed to obtain the estimated power of the whole mat…”

Section: Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preparation of the trajectories of heating cables Three trajectory patterns were prepared. Due to limitations in performance of spacer fabric knitting machines, and after further extended practical and theoretical knowledge, the final designs were characterised with the following features [31,32]:…”

Section: Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile elements for car seat to improve user’s driving comfort

Warska

Barburski

Langenhove

2019

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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The main motive for this research is the desire for the improvement of the automotive seat occupant’s comfort by designing a heating mat prototype made with distance knitting technology with heating elements. In this study, the following design steps were undertaken: preparation of the trajectories of heating cables, calculating the resistance needed to obtain the estimated power of the whole mat, testing of available electroconductive yarns to assign the most suitable yarn to a specific design, preparation and testing of five heating mat prototypes with three various trajectories of the heating element. All samples were evaluated with the same criteria in order to find the most promising design. After all experiments, a prototype with stainless-steel Bekaert® VN 12.2 coated yarn as a heating element, showed the best performance, especially in combination with distance knitted fabric thanks to its internal construction. This work demonstrates that a three-dimensional distance knitted fabric with a heating element introduced into its structure will ensure the physiological sitting comfort. After further subsequent studies, the proposed method can be adapted for industrialisation by using warp knitting machines, thus improving the quality and durability of the heating mat.

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“…Conductive textiles are traditional textiles that incorporate conductive fibers or other types of materials employing different technologies, and they are widely used in many fields [1,2], such as sensors [3,4,5,6,7,8], heaters [9,10,11], capacitors [12,13], and electromagnetic shielding fabrics [14]. In addition, knitting technology has become more and more popular in forming conductive textiles because the method produces a flexible structure and shape for the final product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Parameters Affecting Electrothermal Properties of Woolen Knitted Fabrics Integrated with Silver-Coated Yarns

2019

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Recently, more and more researchers have focused on electrical textiles that can provide or convert energy to facilitate people’s lives. Knitting conductive yarns into ordinary fabrics is a common way for electrical textiles to transmit heat or electrical signals to humans. This paper is aimed at studying the resistance values and temperatures of electrothermal knitted conductive fabric (EKCF) subjected to certain voltages over time. Six types of EKCFs with structural differences were fabricated using a computerized flat knitting machine with intarsia technology. Uniform samples 10 × 10 cm in size were made from wool, as were two different specifications of silver-coated conductive yarns. The wool yarn and one silver-coated yarn were mixed to knit a resistance area 2 × 2 cm in size in the center of the EKCF to observe heating behaviors. The experiment results showed that when the EKCFs were subjected to certain voltages over time, the resistance values of the resistance area increased over a short time and then gradually decreased, and the temperature gradually increased in the first 1000 s and tended toward stability after a certain period of time. The structural coefficient κ between different knitted structures (which predicted the thermal properties of different EKCFs subjected to different voltages) was analyzed. These results are of great significance for predicting the electrothermal performance of EKCFs with different knitted structures. On the basis of these results, an optimized knitted structure was selected as the best EKCF for wearable textiles, and the findings contribute to the field of technological and intelligent electrothermal garments and related products.

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Performance Evaluation of Welded Knitted E-Fabrics for Electrical Resistance Heating

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Interconnecting embroidered hybrid conductive yarns by ultrasonic plastic welding for e-textiles

Interconnecting embroidered hybrid conductive yarns by ultrasonic plastic welding for e-textiles

Textile elements for car seat to improve user’s driving comfort

Structural Parameters Affecting Electrothermal Properties of Woolen Knitted Fabrics Integrated with Silver-Coated Yarns

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