The research was carried out into the changes within psychic and immune domains of the Russian Nenets people migrating from the traditional northern habitat (tundra) to urban environment. It is noted that in the process of significantly changing lifestyle supposedly single ethnic group can be clearly sub-divided according to the differences in adaptation dynamics. This division reflects sociological differences and is connected to the psychoimmunological aspects. Thus, with the adaptation of forest Nenets to the new conditions of existence (from the tundra to the urban centers), we found a division of a whole ethnic group into two groups according to a social attribute, which is fixed at the psychophysiological level. First, psychic and immune domains are not only sharing a number of common features but also can have deep evolutionary connections and can be governed by similar laws. Second, the psyche and the immune system show the most important functions and properties that ensure an effective existence, generalizing the values of adaptation, protection and vitality into a single structure. Such a concept is closed to "wholeness" and "integrity"