Performance Improvement for Small-Scale Wind Turbine System Based on Maximum Power Point Tracking Control

Abstract

This paper proposes a strategy for performance improvement of small-scale wind turbine systems using maximum power point tracking control (MPPT). In this study, wind-turbine systems which use permanent magnet synchronous generators and converter devices are modeled in Simulink-Matlab software. In order to increase the power generated, MPPT is used based on the extended perturb and observe (PO) method. This algorithm has the ability to improve the speed of the turbine without oscillation. To analyze the ability of the PO-based MPPT in maximizing output power, performance examination of wind turbine systems in Simulink-Matlab software was conducted. The study is carried out with a 3000 W wind turbine device serving various electrical loads of 50 Ω, 100 Ω, 200 Ω, and 300 Ω, and each ohm varies with a wind speed of 4, 5, 6.5, 7, 8.5, 9, and 10 m/s. The overall turbine system performance found that the maximum increase in system output power occurs when it is loaded with 200 Ω with a wind speed of 6.5 m/s. During this combination of 200 Ω and 6.5 m/s, there are high increments of output power at 135.62% caused by the installation of MPPT controllers, with an average output power increase of 50.77%. The results of this study proved that PO-based MPPT has successfully improved the performance of wind-turbine systems.Wind generates electrical energy through turbines, which are characterized by various types according to shapes and shafts. The wind turbine is connected with a generator that converts kinetic into electricity. Generators commonly used in conjunction with low-to medium-scale wind turbines are called permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) [5,6]. The output of power generated by a PMSG varies depending on wind speed [7]. In order to maximize the output power of the generator, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is used to stabilize the maximum power [8,9].Methods for MPPT that are commonly used include gradient approximation, artificial neural network method, fuzzy logic, particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, and the perturb and observe (PO) methods [10][11][12][13][14]. In the study of [15], stand-alone wind turbines and MPPT using the gradient approximation method is carried out. This works by measuring the voltage and current, then changing the duty cycle in the direct current (DC)-DC converter to obtain the maximum power. The alternating current (AC) output voltage used single phase full bridge inverter. Simulation results show that the maximum power ratio without MPPT is 79.41%, while with it, the maximum power is 94.51%. The results of this study indicate that wind turbines have a higher average power when using MPPT. Furthermore, research [16] shows that MPPT technology is used to regulate the output voltage of the generator through a DC-DC converter circuit, where the switching technique uses pulse width modulation (PWM) by adjusting the duty cycle. The change of the duty cycle value depends on the wind speed. Therefore, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) algorithm is...

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