Performance improvement of a tin(II) dioxide-modified electrode for the dye-sensitized solar cell by the addition of zinc(II) oxide and niobium(V) oxide

ZnO-Modified Anode for High-Performance SnO2-Based Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The ITO/ZnO-based device exhibited the best photovoltaic performance with the PCE of 8.42% compared to the ITO-based device (2.94%), where the ZnO provides an optimal energy alignment and an improved interface contact between ITO and the active layer . Arai et al reported that the SnO 2 + ZnO bilayer film was successfully prepared on FTO as the modified electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells by mixing the aqueous colloidal solutions and found that the solar cell with the SnO 2 + ZnO electrode showed a higher V oc and short-circuit current ( J sc ) than that with the SnO 2 electrode . However, the hydroxyl groups on ZnO surface can easily react with perovskite film due to the proton-transfer reactions and then deteriorate the device performance. − At present, high-efficiency PSCs using ZnO generally require doping (such as Al, B, and N) or a modification layer to block the direct contact between perovskite film and ZnO film. − Among them, SnO 2 is a potential choice as both the ETL and interface buffer layer.…”

“…17 Arai et al reported that the SnO 2 + ZnO bilayer film was successfully prepared on FTO as the modified electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells by mixing the aqueous colloidal solutions and found that the solar cell with the SnO 2 + ZnO electrode showed a higher V oc and short-circuit current (J sc ) than that with the SnO 2 electrode. 20 However, the hydroxyl groups on ZnO surface can easily react with perovskite film due to the proton-transfer reactions and then deteriorate the device performance. 21−23 At present, highefficiency PSCs using ZnO generally require doping (such as Al, B, and N) or a modification layer to block the direct contact between perovskite film and ZnO film.…”