Performance improvement of ultrathin organic solar cells utilizing light-trapping aluminum-titanium nitride nanosquare arrays

Electron Irradiation-Induced Degradation of TiN Thin Films on Quartz and Sapphire Substrates

“…Figure c also revealed a broad defect band in the UPS spectrum of the TiN thin films on both substrates, known to represent a high density of the localized states below the Fermi level, according to previous studies . It is important to note that the density of interface states and Fermi-level pinning can influence band alignment, as mentioned in previous research . As seen in Figure d, the as-deposited TiN thin films on sapphire and quartz showed the same work function of slightly above 4.2 eV.…”

“…58 It is important to note that the density of interface states and Fermi-level pinning can influence band alignment, as mentioned in previous research. 40 As seen in Figure 4d, the as-deposited TiN thin films on sapphire and quartz showed the same work function of slightly above 4.2 eV. However, after electron irradiation, the work function decreased to 4.05 eV.…”

“…Presently, there are ongoing efforts to develop various radiation-resistant devices ,− and investigate the impact of ionizing radiation on material properties for practical applications in the space industry. ,,− Titanium nitride (TiN) stands out as a preferred and promising candidate for creating radiation-resistant optoelectronic devices in the space industry. ,,,, TiN boasts exceptional structural, thermal, chemical, electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, along with a wide band gap, making it successfully applicable in various fields of mechanical and electrical engineering. ,,, Accordingly, thin films of TiN can be used as conductive transparent layers in heterostructures, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells. ,− …”

Recent process of plasma effect in organic solar cells

“…Through employing the metal electrode into different nanopatterns such as dual metallic nanostructures, periodic structure of 2-D, 3-D grating, nanowire network, bilayer of nanosquare array, patterned metallic electrode and random structures, the light harvesting of active layer was distinctly improved by optical and electrical effect such as SPR, LSPR, the combined effect of the micro-cavity resonance, local near field enhancement and light scattering [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95]. For instance, metal grating back electrode of low-bandgap OSCs with width and height of 700 and 40 nm have been prepared by the PDMS nanoimprinted method, respectively [96].…”

Recent Progress on Advanced Optical Structures for Emerging Photovoltaics and Photodetectors

“…[ 28 ] Consequently, various resonance modes can be realized by controlling the thickness, composition, and cross‐section of metal films with MC structures. [ 157–160 ]…”