Performance in a Balance Test and Prediction of All-Cause Mortality in Community-Dwelling Elderly Ambulatory Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between an inability to perform a static balance test and mortality in community-dwelling older ambulatory individuals. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched for relevant cohort studies. Hazard ratios (HR) were pooled (random-effect model). Meta-regression was performed with independent demographic variables (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022381137). Results: A total of 11,713 articles were screened and 15 were included. An inability to perform a static balance test was significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality irrespective of whether confounding variables were considered [HR, 1.14 (95% CI: 1.07–1.21); p < .001; i2, 87.96% ( p < .01)] or not [HR, 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03–1.20); p = .01; i2, 95.28% ( p < .01)] (both moderate GRADE evidence). Also, this association was correlated with progressive age. Conclusion: An inability to successfully complete a static balance test was significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality among community-dwelling older ambulatory individuals.