Performance Investigation of Linearly Arranged Circular, Circular Planer, Rectangular, and Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays Using Robust NVL Techniques

Abstract

In this research, linearly arranged circular antenna array (LCAA), linearly arranged circular planer antenna array (LCPAA), linearly arranged rectangular antenna array (LRAA), and linearly arranged concentric circular antenna array (LCCAA) are analyzed using robust techniques. These four antenna arrays are briefly investigated to evaluate their beam width performance, ability to detect a false signal, and SINR power pattern performances. Robust techniques—fixed diagonal loading (FDL), optimal diagonal loading (ODL), variable diagonal loading (VDL), and new variable loading (NVL) techniques—are applied, and the NVL technique is found to be superior and provides the best performance with the proposed LCCAA beamformer. With an SINR of 40.45 dB, 40.29 dB, 40.18 dB, and 39.99 dB for 0°, 1°, 2°, and 3° disparity angles, respectively, and output powers of −0.019 dB, −0.076 dB, and −0.171 dB for 1°, 2°, and 3° disparity angles, respectively, LCCAA beamformers using the NVL technique outperform other beamformers with different robust approaches.

Triple-Band Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna for Long-Range IoT Applications

“…Robust and sophisticated communication protocols and efficient hardware are vital to accomplishing an efficient communication network. Communication devices use antennas to transmit and receive signals; therefore, an antenna is an integral part of LoRa IoT devices [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Considering the operating frequencies of LoRa (below 1 GHz) and the ever-increasing need for IoT devices to be small and economically low-cost, it is incredibly challenging to design a miniaturized LoRa antenna that can be integrated alongside compact IoT devices [ 15 ].…”