Performance investigation on the bypass ejector for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Han, Jiquan; Besagni, Giorgio; Mereu, Riccardo; Inzoli, Fabio; Feng, Jianmei; Peng, Xueyuan

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.122349

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…So, the SST k-ω turbulence model is selected in the next studies. Based on the above assumptions and model selection, the flow control equations and turbulence equations can be found in the literature [11]. The detailed model settings are shown in Table 4.…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yan et al [19] optimized structural parameters with six different sequenc Recently, several studies have been carried out to improve the performance of continuous ejectors. Further, it is known that the structural parameters and operating conditions have an important effect on the entrainment ratio [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Pei et al [13] used the dynamic pressure drop boundary in the CFD model to optimize the nozzle diameter, the mixing chamber diameter, the mixing chamber length, and the nozzle exit position, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al [28][29][30] and Han et al [31] used multi-nozzle ejectors in the anode recirculation system of the PEMFC, which effectively expanded the operating range of the hydrogen-recirculating units. Han et al [11] and Yu et al [32] proposed bypass-ejector devices to improve the entrained performance of high-power conditions and widen the operating range of PEMFCs. Kim et al [33] developed a dual-ejector anode recirculating unit that could be used in the wider working range required for PEMFC systems than a fixed single ejector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling Global Parameters and Local Flow Optimization of a Pulsed Ejector for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Li,

Sun,

Bao

2024

Sustainability

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as an important utilization of hydrogen energy, contribute to the sustainable development of global energy. Pulsed ejectors have a high potential for improving the hydrogen utilization of PEMFCs in the full operating range by circulating unconsumed hydrogen. In this study, a pulsed ejector applied to a 120 kW fuel cell was designed, and the flow characteristics were analysed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Based on the data from the CFD model, the global optimization of the ejector was carried out using the Gaussian process regression (GPR) surrogate model and the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The local structure was then further optimized using an adjoint method coupling streamlining modification that takes into account the local flow characteristics. The CFD results showed that, under a fixed structure, increasing the pressure difference between the secondary flow and the ejector outlet would promote boundary layer separation, shorten the shockwave chain length, change the effective flow area of the secondary flow, and lower the entrainment ratio (ER). The analytical results from the GPR model indicated significant interactions among the structural parameters. The globally optimized ejector using GPR and GWO improved the hydrogen entrainment ratio from 1.42 to 3.12 at the design point. Furthermore, the results of streamlining local optimization show that the entrainment ratio increased by 1.67% at the design point and increased by up to 3.99% over the full operating range compared to the optimized ejector by global optimization.

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Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%