Performance measurement for highway winter maintenance operations

Lin, Qiu

doi:10.17077/etd.08nzuotg

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For each study that met the inclusion criteria, variables were coded into two tables (6). General information included document type, authors, publication year, country, study design, data source, and data on traffic volume.…”

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each of the selected studies was assessed for validity. A complete description of this process is in Qiu (6). For each study, scores were assigned to each study on the basis that the validity of each study could be estimated by assigning a validity score in each of three categories: study design, traffic volume data, and level of aggregation (14).…”

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Adverse Weather on Traffic Crashes

Lin

Nixon

2008

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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217

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identify relevant studies by a systematic search and then use effect size standardizing on each study result. In addition, this approach corrects sampling error and other artifacts, and it can present an estimate of the total effect with minimized subjectivity (5). Further, since different studies might be influenced by methodologies, time span, and regions, hierarchy meta-analysis has been applied using these factors as grouping variables. Separate analyses are conducted for each group.The process used in the meta-analysis is outlined in Figure 1. After careful review of the included articles, two separate meta-analyses were conducted separately for comparison studies and regression studies.For regression studies, measures of weather conditions were taken as the continuous variable. Effect size and percent change in crash rate were both applied to standardize the research results. However, due to space limitations of this paper, those results are not presented; they may be found in Qiu (6).For the comparison studies, measures of weather conditions were considered as a binary variable (such as snow versus nonsnow). In addition to the overall meta-analysis carried out for each weather category (snow, rain, etc.), hierarchy meta-analyses were conducted separately for the comparison studies stratified by decades (time span) and by countries. METHOD Literature SearchA literature search for relevant studies published from 1970 to 2005 was conducted for both peer-reviewed literature and unpublished technical reports and theses. Search strategies used ensured this study contained enough primary studies for meta-analysis, because meta-analysis based on a large number of studies with a small sample size has been shown to be more accurate than that based on a small number of studies with large sample sizes (5).Following the search, 376 papers and reports were selected for further examination, of which 108 were determined to be pertinent. From those reports, 34 that provided 78 result records were selected for meta-analysis. Study Inclusion Criteria and CodingPrevious studies that explored the association between weather conditions and traffic safety have investigated diverse variables. These studies have also applied a variety of methods and were based on Adverse weather obviously has an impact on vehicle crash rates on roads and highways. However, it would be valuable to quantify the extent to which weather conditions affect the crash rate. To do that, a meta-analysis has been conducted to generalize research findings on this subject and attempt to quantify the impact of weather on traffic crashes. Studies between 1967 and 2005 that examined the interaction of weather and traffic safety were reviewed. Thirty-four papers and 78 records that meet the predetermined criteria were included in the analysis. Crash rates from each study were normalized with respect to effect size for meta-analysis generalization. Results indicate that the crash rate usually increases during precipitation. Snow has a greater effect than rain does ...

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Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adverse Weather on Traffic Crashes

Lin

Nixon

2008

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

Self Cite

217

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show abstract

“…Finally, holistic performance measurement system developed is not developed. Consequently, current practice does not document the level of service (LOS) provided, does not take into consideration a range of factors affecting WRM effectiveness, and does not assess the need for implementing different strategies (Brown, Perreault, & Baril, 2012;Ketcham et al, 1996;Pakkala, Jan, Lodenius, & Ohansson, 2011;Qiu, 2008). 5.…”

Section: Critical Overview Of Current Winter Maintenance Practice In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a positive feature of WRM practice in Serbia, as international experience also recognizes the importance of weather information for WRM. However, similar to this international practice, weather forecasts in Serbia lack sufficient temporal and spatial details that can be used for location-based and real-time WRM measures (Pisano, 2001; Qiu & Nixon, 2009; Strong & Shi, 2008; Ye, Shi, Strong, & Greenfield, 2009). For example, this WRM practice neglects that temperature and wind speed at specific road sections can have significant effect on WRM effects (Qiu & Nixon, 2009).…”

Section: Critical Overview Of Current Winter Maintenance Practice In Serbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy Improvements for Winter Road Maintenance in South-East Europe

Glavić

Mladenović

Stevanovic

2015

Public Works Management & Policy

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Weather, as an important factor for traffic conditions, will have increased significance in South-East Europe (SEE) due to ongoing climate change. Consequently, SEE countries in transition will need to reconsider their winter road maintenance (WRM) practices. This article aims at providing a starting point for improving WRM practice. Focusing on Serbia, the article first provides a critical evaluation of existing WRM state of the practice. The core issue identified is a lacking practice in economic evaluation of WRM investment decisions. In addition, the article presents methodology and an example case study for economic evaluation of WRM investment decisions based on cost-benefit analysis. Results indicate an economic justification for investing in improved WRM practice. Finally, the article concludes that WRM policy improvements need to base on knowledge transfer from international best practice, improvement in performance measurement, methods, and technologies, accompanied with an essential change in institutional culture to accommodate policy learning.

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“…Some studies have been conducted to evaluate the influence winter maintenance chemicals have on road safety. Qiu and Nixon (24) and Qiu (25) developed a method to measure the performance of a winter maintenance program with respect to motorists' safety and mobility. A storm severity index was developed and the effects of weather and winter maintenance on road surfaces were estimated with multinomial logistic regression.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Winter Maintenance Chemicals and Crashes with an Artificial Neural Network

Veneziano

et al. 2014

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the effects of winter maintenance chemicals on road safety. To this end, a winter chemical usage model was developed. A methodology combining artificial neural network (ANN) methods and sensitivity analysis is presented. In this method, the ANN system was used to establish the relationship between road safety and associated factors, and sensitivity analysis was used to identify significant variables and quantify their effects. The chemical usage model and the ANN system were then applied to case studies in Idaho. The results from the case study showed that the use of winter maintenance chemicals played an important role in road safety. Furthermore, benefit–cost analysis of the case studies indicated that the use of winter maintenance chemicals produced more benefits than costs.

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Performance measurement for highway winter maintenance operations

Abstract: Of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering in the Graduate College of

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of Adverse Weather on Traffic Crashes

Effects of Adverse Weather on Traffic Crashes

Policy Improvements for Winter Road Maintenance in South-East Europe

Evaluation of Winter Maintenance Chemicals and Crashes with an Artificial Neural Network

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