Performance monitoring and evaluation of FTTx networks for 5G backhauling

Zeydan, Engin; Dedeoglu, Omer; Türk, Yekta

doi:10.1007/s11235-021-00767-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The existing backhaul infrastructure of mobile operators is not compatible with the current use cases of 5G [25]. In traditional UP of cellular networks, there is no packet loss recovery mechanism.…”

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Capabilities of Mobile Backhaul: A User Plane Perspective

2022

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Avoiding problems such as packet loss in the transport network is crucial for mobile network providers to offer high-quality services reliably and without interruptions. In this paper, we propose and compare three different transmission strategies, namely Caching, Network Coding (NC) and Repetition enabled transmission in the User Plane (UP) of mobile backhaul for network operators to prevent such performance degradation. In the proposed NC-enabled transmission method, NC provides robustness to transport network failures such that no further retransmission is required by the User Equipment (UE) compared to conventional approaches where UE applications perform retransmissions. The proposed scheme requires only a minor modification to the packet structure of the UP protocol, which requires a small development effort and no new extensions to the current UE standard features. We also discuss their placement in the O-RAN protocol stack and in the core network,

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Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Capabilities of Mobile Backhaul: A User Plane Perspective

2022

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“…However, satellite latency and prohibitive data costs render them unsuitable for addressing the coverage of rural areas (Araújo et al, 2019). Fiber backhauls remain a good option for bandwidth-hungry applications and cover long distance with minimum attenuation (Zeydan et al, 2021). However, the cost of laying down fiber (trenching, right of way, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a low-cost sustainable broadband solution in rural areas of low and middle-income countries: Tanzania’s backhaul perspective

Kalula,

Dida,

Zaipuna

2023

Int. J. Eng. Sci. Tech

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Although broadband internet has proven to accelerate the fulfilment of the information and communication for development (ICT4D) agenda, connectivity issues persist in some regions of the world, particularly in rural areas of Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) which host 93% of the unconnected global population. Due to the lack of economic feasibility in these locations for service providers, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has been advocating for low-cost sustainable solutions in such areas. Among the challenging broadband infrastructure segment seems to be the backhaul (middle-mile) as rural areas are remotely located from the backbone end-points. With Tanzania exemplifying LMICs, this paper presents a Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) to compare the widely utilized backhaul (Microwave) and the promising Broadband over Power Line (BPL) towards achieving low-cost broadband solutions. To demonstrate technical viability in terms of capacity, Pathloss and MATLAB were utilized from which both technologies demonstrated the broadband-suitably capacity (161Mbps for Microwave and 168.99Mbs for BPL). From economic perspective, the Total Cost of Ownership (TCOs) for both technologies were determined using a Cost Model; BPL fared better as the cost of establishing one microwave link could have established almost 6 BPL links. Apart from adding to the body of knowledge on TEAs involving backhauls, this paper informs policymakers and other related stakeholders on the potential cost-benefit of BPL towards curbing the existing broadband connectivity gap.

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“…There are generally three different backhaul technology options [7]. These include fixed fiber optic connections [8], [9], or wireless methods such as terrestrial microwave [10] and different forms of satellite connectivity, such as low earth orbit (LEO) constellations [11]. Fiber has the highest capacity, while also having the largest capital expenditure (capex) cost [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%