Performance of a ${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$ Quadrupole Under High Stress

Félice, H.; Bajko, M.; Bingham, B; Bordini, B.; Bottura, L.; Caspi, S.; Rijk, G. de; Dietderich, D.R.; Ferracin, P.; Giloux, C.; Godeke, A.; Hafalia, R.; Milanese, Attilio; Rossi, L.; Sabbi, G.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2010.2090116

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Protection Heater efficiency has been measured completing data from HQ02a. For the first time CLIQ system has been tested on Nb 3 Sn quadrupole. The test has proved the feasibility of the system to protect such short length magnet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Test Results of the LARP HQ02b Magnet at 1.9 K

Bajas

Ambrosio

Anerella

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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The HQ magnet is a 120 mm aperture, 1-meter-long Nb3Sn quadrupole developed by the LARP collaboration in the framework of the High-Luminosity LHC project. A first series of coils was assembled and tested in 5 assemblies of the HQ01 series. The HQ01e model achieved a maximum gradient of 170 T/m at 4.5 K at LBNL in 2010-2011 and reached 184 T/m at 1.9 K at CERN in 2012. A new series of coils incorporating major design changes was fabricated for the HQ02 series. The first model, HQ02a, was tested at Fermilab where it reached 98% of the short sample limit at 4.5 K with a gradient of 182 T/m in 2013. However, the full training of the coils at 1.9 K could not be performed due to a current limit of 15 kA. Following this test, the azimuthal coil pre-load was increased by about 30 MPa and an additional current lead was installed at the electrical center of the magnet for quench protection studies. The test name of this magnet changed to HQ02b. In 2014, HQ02b was then shipped to CERN as the first opportunity for full training at 1.9 K. In this paper, we present a comprehensive summary of the HQ02 test results including: magnet training at 1.9 K with increased pre-load, quench origin and propagation, and ramp rate dependence. A series of powering tests was also performed to assess changes in magnet performance with a gradual increase of the MIITs. We also present the results of quench protection studies using different setting for detection, heater coverage, energy extraction and the Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ) system. However, the full training of the coils at 1.9 K could not be performed due to a current limit of 15 kA. Following this test, the azimuthal coil pre-load was increased by about 30 MPa and an additional current lead was installed at the electrical center of the magnet for quench protection studies. The test name of this magnet changed to HQ02b. In 2014, HQ02b was then shipped to CERN as the first opportunity for full training at 1.9 K. In this paper, we present a comprehensive summary of the HQ02 test results including: magnet training at 1.9 K with increased preload, quench origin and propagation, and ramp rate dependence. A series of powering tests was also performed to assess changes in magnet performance with a gradual increase of the MIITs. We also present the results of quench protection studies using different setting for detection, heater coverage, energy extraction and the Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ) system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HQ magnet structure has been used in two different assemblies, HQ01 and HQ02 with two generations of Nb 3 Sn coils [1]- [3]. The HQ cross-section is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test Results of the LARP HQ02b Magnet at 1.9 K

Bajas

Ambrosio

Anerella

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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“…This has been proven recently on modern, high-J c Nb 3 Sn wires [78], confirming that the large observed degradation in single-wire measurements quoted earlier is a measurement artifact. A defining test of the US LHC Accelerator R&D Program (LARP) TQS03 magnet at CERN [79], in which the magnet was preloaded up to 260 MPa in the windings while experiencing very limited permanent degradation, re-established Nb 3 Sn firmly as the conductor of choice for future upgrades of the LHC.…”

Section: Transverse Pressure On Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting Materials and Conductors: Fabrication and Limiting Parameters

Bottura

Godeke

2012

Rev. Accl. Sci. Tech.

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Superconductivity is the technology that enabled the construction of the most recent generation of high-energy particle accelerators, the largest scientific instruments ever built. In this review we trace the evolution of superconducting materials for particle accelerator magnets, from the first steps in the late 1960s, through the rise and glory of Nb-Ti in the 1970s, till the 2010s, and the promises of Nb 3 Sn for the 2020s. We conclude with a perspective on the opportunities for high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). Many such reviews have been written in the past, as witnessed by the long list of references provided. In this review we put particular emphasis on the practical aspects of wire and tape manufacturing, cabling, engineering performance, and potential for use in accelerator magnets, while leaving in the background matters such as the physics of superconductivity and fundamental material issues.

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“…The HQ quadrupole magnet follows several successful tests of Nb Sn quadrupole magnets (a 90 mm aperture 1-meter long Technology Quadrupole (TQ) and a 3.6-meter Long Quadrupole (LQ) [1], [2]. HQ's 120 mm aperture is the first Nb Sn quadrupole magnet with alignment between coils and support structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Coil Compaction on ${\hbox {Nb}}_{3}{\hbox {Sn}}$ LARP HQ Magnet

Félice

Ambrosio

Anerella

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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In the past two years the US LARP program carried out five tests on a quadrupole magnet aimed at the high luminosity upgrade of Large Hadron Collider (HiLumi-LHC). The 1-meter long, 120 mm bore Nb Sn IR quadrupole magnet (HQ) with a short sample gradient of 219 T/m at 1.9 K and a conductor peak field of 15 T is part of the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP). In a series of tests, carried out at 4.4 K, the magnet reached a maximum "short-sample" performance of 86%. The tests exposed several shortcomings that are now being addressed in a Research & Development program. This paper summarizes the magnet test results, reveals findings, R&D actions and future improvements.

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Performance of a ${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$ Quadrupole Under High Stress

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Test Results of the LARP HQ02b Magnet at 1.9 K

Test Results of the LARP HQ02b Magnet at 1.9 K

Superconducting Materials and Conductors: Fabrication and Limiting Parameters

Impact of Coil Compaction on ${\hbox {Nb}}_{3}{\hbox {Sn}}$ LARP HQ Magnet

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