Performance of a single glazing assembly exposed to enclosure corner fires of increasing severity

Abstract

The results of 19 experiments in which a single pane glazing assembly was exposed to enclosure corner 5res of increasing severity are presented. The glazing assembly was exposed to a two zone 5re enclosure environment, with consistency and repeatability within each set of three experiments conducted at each 5re severity level, evident from the enclosure gas temperature pro5les. The results presented include heat release rates, enclosure and local gas temperatures, heat 6ux distributions, glass surface temperatures, shaded glass temperatures thermally induced stains, crack bifurcation patterns and loss of integrity of the glazing assembly. The results and observations obtained are presented in the form of a toolkit for the estimation of the occurrence of cracking and failure of single glazing in enclosure 5res. Figure 5. Enclosure local gas temperature distribution across panes, Ure pan size 500 mm;500 mm.Figure 6. Enclosure local gas temperature distribution across panes, Ure pan size 900 mm;900 mm.126 T. J. SHIELDS E¹ A¸.Figure 11. Total heat Vux incident on window area, pan Ure size 0.5 m;0.5 m.Figure 12. Total heat Vux incident on window area, pan Ure size 0.6 m;0.6 m.Figure 15. Total heat Vux incident on window area, pan Ure size 0.9 m;0.9 m.Figure 16. Incident total Vux proUle on exposed glass surface by time to Urst crack with location, time and subsequent crack and Unal crack pattern, 0.5 m;0.5 m pan Ure size. GLAZING ASSEMBLY AND CORNER FIRES 131 Figure 17. Incident total Vux proUle on exposed glass surface by time to Urst crack with location, time and subsequent crack and Unal crack pattern, 0.6 m;0.6 m pan Ure size.Figure 18. Incident total Vux proUle on exposed glass surface by time to Urst crack with location, time and subsequent crack and Unal crack pattern, 0.7 m;0.7 m pan Ure size.Figure 19. Incident total Vux proUle on exposed glass surface by time to Urst crack with location, time and subsequent crack and Unal crack pattern, 0.8 m;0.8 m pan Ure size. GLAZING ASSEMBLY AND CORNER FIRES 137

Investigation of thermal breakage and heat transfer in single, insulated and laminated glazing under fire conditions

“…Keski-Rahkonen theoretically determined the critical temperature difference between the fire exposed and covered areas [11,12]. Shields et al heated the glass panes in an ISO room with a pool fire placed in the center and corner of the compartment [13,14]. Based on 59 tests, Joshi and Pagni [15,16] used a Weibull distribution to analyze the probability of glass breakage.…”

Effect Of Fuel Sootiness On The Heat Fluxes To The Walls In Enclosure Fires

“…15 depicts an estimate of the variation of the convective heat transfer coefficient with time derived from this heat flux by dividing it with the difference between the gas and initial temperature. The magnitude of the coefficient calculated this way remains constant for the burning duration of the experiment with values about 15 W/m 2 K for all fires apart from the most under-ventilated case where the value is about 12 W/m 2 K. Comparison with ISO room scale experiments [8,9] show that the heat transfer coefficient does not depend on scale. …”

“…This work being part of continuing effort at FireSERT [3,4,8,9] to measure and model fires in enclosures yields the following conclusions:…”

Implementing a Glass Fracture Module in the BRANZFIRE Zone Model

“…More recently, Shields et al [21,22] have published the results of a series of experiments in which a single glazing assembly was exposed to fires of increasing severity in the centre, and in the corner of an enclosure (3.6 m x 2.4 m x 2.4 m) instrumented and constructed to ISO room standards.…”

“…The heat release rate for each size of pan as published by Shields et al [21,22] was used as input with fuel properties selected as for ethanol. The predicted glass fracture times are compared with the measured time to first cracking and results summarised in Table 5.…”