Performance of a-WO3/LiClO4-PC electrochromic displays

Ando, E.; Kawakami, K.; Matsuhiro, Kenji; Masuda, Yasushi

doi:10.1016/0141-9382(85)90002-2

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The electrochromic reliability and response time of an amorphous WO 3 -based electrochromic cell is dependent not only by the WO 3 film but also on the electrolyte and counter electrode. A lifetime of >10 7 cycles and response times of 100 ms were obtained for the WO 3 /LiClO 4 −propylene carbonate electrochromic display at a charge density of 6 mC/cm 2 at 25 °C .…”

Section: B Electrochromism1 Wo3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An amorphous molybdenum blue is obtained upon photolysis of strongly acidic, aqueous molybdate solutions and may be related to Na 15 [Mo 144 O 409 (OH) 28 (H 2 O) 56 ]·∼250H 2 O which is reductively prepared using iron powder . Other reduced polyoxometalates, such as the two-electron-reduced anions, α-[H 2 AsMo 12 O 40 ] − …”

Section: Photoinduced Formation Of Heteropoly Bluesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A lifetime of >10 7 cycles and response times of 100 ms were obtained for the WO 3 / LiClO 4 -propylene carbonate electrochromic display at a charge density of 6 mC/cm 2 at 25 °C. 64 Transmissive solid-state electrochromic devices based on the WO 3 /Li-polymer (PMMA) electrolyte/V 2 O 5 system have been optimized for potential large-area window applications, and the best layer thickness combination was found to be 8000 Å WO 3 and 1150 Å V 2 O 5 . 65 Long-term operation, that is, a cycling lifetime of more than 5 × 10 5 and a static lifetime of 10-40 years at an operating temperature of -20 to 85 °C, is a critical requirement in this technology, especially if device lifetimes in excess of 20 years are to be achieved.…”

Section: B Electrochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photo- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related Materials

1998

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ContentsI. Introduction 307 A. Historical Background 307 B. Scope and Limitations 308 II. Photochromism and Electrochromism of Metal Oxides 309 A. Photoinduced Coloration of Metal Oxides Due to Impurity Effects 309 B. Electrochromism 310 1. WO 3 310 2. Other Metal Oxides 310 III. Photochromism of Polyoxometalate Solids 311 A. Alkylammonium Polyoxomolybdates 311 B. Other Polyoxometalates 314 IV. Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates 314 A. H 3 PW 12 O 40 314 B. K 0.33 WO 3.165 and Peroxopolytungstic Acids 314 V. Photoluminescence and Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Polyoxometalate Solids 315 A. Polyoxometalloeuropates 315 1. Structural Feature 315 2. Intramolecular Energy Transfer from the OfM LMCT States to Eu 3+ 316 B. OfM LMCT Triplet Emission 317 VI. Photoinduced Formation of Heteropoly Blues 318 A. Polyoxomolybdates 318 B. Polyoxotungstates 319 C. Polyoxovanadates and Self-Assembly Encapsulation 321 VII. Conclusions 322 VIII. Acknowledgments 323 IX. References 323

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Section: B Electrochromism1 Wo3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photoinduced Formation Of Heteropoly Bluesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Electrochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photo- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related Materials

1998

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“…For this work, WO 3 was used as an electrochromic material, of which colour changes during oxidation and reduction in the LiClO 4 solution as follows: WO 3 (transparent) + Li + + e À 4 LiWO 3 (dark blue). 35 Such reversible oxidation and reduction reactions are clearly revealed in hysteretic current-versus-voltage (I-V) characteristics as indicated in Fig. 3(d).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Direct fabrication of electrochromic devices with complex patterns on three-dimensional substrates using polymeric stencil films

2017

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“…Even under such a high E ap of −2.6/+1.2 V, the Δ T for EC3 in 0.5 m LiClO 4 in PC was limited to 10.0%. LiClO 4 /PC is the most commonly used electrolyte in inorganic ECDs, [ 23,40–42 ] however, it did not support PW 12 well in the ECD due to the lack of a redox couple. In addition, the redox couple lowered the E ap , which is important for reducing energy consumption and minimizing unnecessary side reactions caused by over‐voltages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge‐Balancing Redox Mediators for High Color Contrast Electrochromism on Polyoxometalates

Wang

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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POMs) recently emerged as promising inorganic materials due to their varying structures, high electrochemical activities, and EC performances. [11,12] The most common and widely investigated POM structure is the Keggin structure, which is applied in biochemical, electrochemical, and catalytic areas. [13] However, studies on the EC properties of Keggin-structured POMs are limited, and their reported EC performances were inferior to other POM types. [14] Several attempts were made to improve the EC performance, including modifying the molecular structure or atomic composition, and optimizing the nanostructures [15-19] Notably, for POM-based EC materials, these approaches were employed by simultaneously selecting and controlling their nanostructures. Porous TiO 2 nanoparticle films (TNFs) are successful POMs' hosts displaying satisfactory EC performances due to their large specific surface area and porous morphology. [20-23] Further increases in ΔT were obtained by assisting the EC reaction by charge-balancing species between the working and counter electrodes in a full cell structure. Although some full cell type ECDs were achieved with POMs, [20,23] charge-balancing reactions were rarely examined, possibly because of the complicated EC mechanism, which makes it difficult to select CBMs for POMs. To create a CBM, a redox active material or electron reservoir was coated on the counter electrode (film type) or dissolved in the electrolyte (solution type). To simplify the ECD structure and avoid increasing its thickness, the solution type could be promising for high-performance ECDs. For example, a WO 3-based ECD showed enhanced EC performance when it was assembled with an electrolyte containing a tetramethylthiourea redox couple. [24,25] Similarly, viologen-based ECDs displayed fast switching times and high cycling stability in the presence of an I − /I 3 − redox mediator in a gelatin-electrolyte. [26,27] However, POM-based ECDs with redox couples in the electrolyte are not reported in literature. Noticeably, POM-based ECDs suffer from limited electrolyte choices and low optical contrast (ΔT), and POM-based EC films are mainly operated in aqueous media. [28] Also, the limited electrochemical window (1.23 V) of the aqueous electrolyte restricted their broader application in ECDs. [29] In general, water can be electrolyzed, but generates bubbles at the voltage range for coloration and bleaching of EC materials. In a A nonaqueous charge-balancing electrolyte with a redox couple (I − /I 3 −) is investigated to improve the electrochromic (EC) performance of polyoxometalate (POM)-based electrochromic devices (ECDs). PW 12 O 40 3− (PW 12)-coated porous TiO 2 nanoparticle films (PWTNF) with different thicknesses are used as the working electrode. The optical contrast (ΔT) of the optimized PW 12-ECDs reached 59.4% with the electrolyte containing the I − /I 3 − redox couple. PW 12-ECDs also show a fast response time for bleaching (t b,90% = 1.9 s) and coloration (t c,90% = 3.1 s). On the contrary, without the I − /I 3 − redox ...

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Performance of a-WO3/LiClO4-PC electrochromic displays

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Photo- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related Materials

Photo- and Electrochromism of Polyoxometalates and Related Materials

Direct fabrication of electrochromic devices with complex patterns on three-dimensional substrates using polymeric stencil films

Charge‐Balancing Redox Mediators for High Color Contrast Electrochromism on Polyoxometalates

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