Performance of bioaerosol samplers: collection characteristics and sampler design considerations

Nevalainen, Aino; Pastuszka, Józef S.; Liebhaber, Frank B.; Willeke, Klaus

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(92)90166-i

Cited by 135 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Increased wind speed tended to decrease fungal counts (but this could also be an artifact of the poor inlet efficiency of the sampler with respect to wind). 13 For total bacteria, three analyses were performed: cumulative, 2-min sample time, and respirable ( Figure 3a). Analyses for Gram-negative bacteria were performed for cumulative and 2-min sample time ( Figure 3b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioaerosol Concentration at an Outdoor Composting Center

Folmsbee

Strevett

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Compost centers are one of many environments that produce airborne microorganisms. The objective of this study was to compare the bacterial, fungal, and actinomycete concentrations at the Norman, OK, compost center to background concentration of these same microorganisms. For this comparison, a modified Andersen Microbial Sampler was used. Sampling was performed at three sites at the outdoor compost center and at two background sites. The concentration of each microorganism was measured as total colony forming units per cubic meter (CFU/m 3 ). The predominantly downwind compost center site had a 10-fold increase in all the microorganisms in comparison with the other sites (p < 0.05). The median concentrations (95% confidence interval) of total viable bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes at this site were 5059 (CI 95

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cut diameters of the first stage (stage 1) and the last stage (stage 6) are 7 mm and 0.65 mm, respectively. 13 For the purposes of this study, the sampler was modified to include only two stages, stage 1 and stage 6. The jet diameter on the first stage was 0.118 cm and had an associated jet velocity of 108 cm/sec.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosol Concentration at an Outdoor Composting Center

Folmsbee

Strevett

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Concerning sampling time, it was indicated that collection ef ciency of 1.06 m m PSL did not change significantly throughout the 60 min sampling period (Lin et al 1997). Regarding sampling ow rates, the calculated cutoff diameter decreases and collection ef ciency increases as ow rate increases (Nevalainen et al 1992(Nevalainen et al , 1993. Another important issue with which we are concerned was the evaporation and reaerosolization effect.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Aerosolized E Coli and B Subtilis Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Microbial Samplers for Bacterial Microorganisms

Li¹

1999

Aerosol Science and Technology

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ABSTRACT. The in uences of physical factors, sampling time, and ow rates on total recovery rate of airborne bacteria were evaluated in a chamber by three sampling methods: AGI-30 all-glass impingers, Nuclepore ltration and elution method, and gelatin lters. The in uence of the biological factor, microorganism hardiness, was assessed by using sensitive Escherichia coli (E. coli) and hardy Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) spores. It was found that colony or relative survival of sensitive E. coli was much lower than those of hardy B. subtilis spores by the evaluated three sampling methods. Sampling ow rate did not have a signi cant in uence on the bacterial recovery by the three sampling methods. However, the relative survival of sensitive E. coli collected on Nuclepore and gelatin lters became lower as the sampling time increased because of dehydration effects. For hardy B. subtilis spores, it was demonstrated that recovery by gelatin lter was comparable to that by impinger. In conclusion, it was found that impingers could perform much better than ltration methods for sampling airborne bacterial bioaerosols.

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“…During the measurements, the air flow was 28.3 dm 3 / min and the sampling time, calculated following Nevalainen et al (1992), was 8 min. Before and after sampling, the flow rate was measured using a rotameter.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in some Polish wastewater treatment plants

Kowalski

Wolany

Pastuszka

et al. 2017

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The aim of this study was to characterize both the viable airborne bacteria and fungi collected in different types of wastewater treatment plants in Poland. Bacterial and fungal aerosols in five different wastewater treatment plants in Poland were studied, including the pioneering antibiotic resistance testing of airborne bacteria. Concentration level was measured using the six-stage Andersen impactor. After incubation, bioaerosol particles captured on nutrient media on Petri dishes were quantitatively evaluated and qualitatively identified. It was found that the concentration levels of both airborne bacteria and fungi ranged from 10 2 to 10 3 colony-forming units/m 3 , in all stages of the wastewater treatment plants. The patterns of size distributions of airborne bacteria and fungi were very similar, showing dominant peaks typically in the size range between 3.3 and 4.7 lm. The majority fraction of small bacterial and fungal particles (less than 4.7 lm) in the studied areas indicates that the bioaerosol is relatively fresh, and mostly of local origin. The Gram-positive cocci and nonsporing Gram-positive rods were the dominating forms in the studied wastewater treatment plants environment. The existing differences in the concentration levels between sampling sites enabled identification of the main bioaerosol sources. The highest concentration of bacterial aerosol appeared in sections, where activated sludge postprocessing and mechanical purifying are conducted. The most frequently occurring species in the sampled bacterial aerosol were Gram-positive cocci and nonsporing Grampositive rods. Multi-antibiotic resistance testing showed that among the isolated airborne bacteria, the most antibiotic-resistant features were present among Bacillus species (especially Bacillus mycoides).

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Performance of bioaerosol samplers: collection characteristics and sampler design considerations

Cited by 135 publications

References 27 publications

Bioaerosol Concentration at an Outdoor Composting Center

Bioaerosol Concentration at an Outdoor Composting Center

Evaluation of Microbial Samplers for Bacterial Microorganisms

Characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in some Polish wastewater treatment plants

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