Performance of conventional starches as natural coagulants for turbidity removal

Choy, Sook Yan; Prasad, K. Nagendra; Wu, Ta Yeong; Raghunandan, Mavinakere Eshwaraiah; Ramanan, Ramakrishnan Nagasundara

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.05.082

Cited by 96 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This indicates the occurrence of charge reversal which causes the particles in the test water to be positively charged during the coagulation process and therefore the particles start to restabilize at high PMC coagulant doses. Similarly, chemical coagulants, such as polyaluminium chloride have been reported to decrease turbidity removal efficiencies at doses above the respective optimum doses [42][43][44]. The turbidity removal was higher in the lab-scale than the pilot-scale test at the optimum dose of PMC (20-30 mg/L).…”

Section: Coagulation Test In Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 96%

Removal of Algae, and Taste and Odor Compounds by a Combination of Plant-Mineral Composite (PMC) Coagulant with UV-AOPs: Laboratory and Pilot Scale Studies

et al. 2018

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The seasonal occurrence of algae blooms in surface waters remains a common problem, such as taste and odor (T&Os), the risk of disinfection by-products (DBPs), and disturbance to water treatment systems. The coagulation efficiency of plant-mineral composite (PMC) coagulant followed by UV-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs; UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl2) was evaluated for removal of algae, turbidity, dissolved organic matters, and taste and odor compounds in lab-scale and pilot-scale tests. In the lab-scale test, coagulation process with 20 mg/L of PMC shows high removal efficiency of turbidity (94%) and algae (99%) and moderate removal efficiency of UV254 (51%) and geosmin (46%). The pilot test results also show good removal efficiency of turbidity (64%), chlorophyll-a (96%). After PMC coagulation process, the major water factors, which affected the performance of UV-AOPs (i.e., UV transmittance (85–94%), and scavenging factor (64,998–28,516 s−1)), were notably improved, and further degradation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) was achieved in both lab-and pilot-scale tests of the UV-AOPs. The UV/H2O2 process shows higher removal efficiency of geosmin and 2-MIB than the UV/Cl2 process because of the pH effect. The results confirmed that the PMC-based coagulation followed by UV/H2O2 process could be an effective process for the removal of algae, geosmin, and 2-MIB.

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Section: Coagulation Test In Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 96%

Removal of Algae, and Taste and Odor Compounds by a Combination of Plant-Mineral Composite (PMC) Coagulant with UV-AOPs: Laboratory and Pilot Scale Studies

et al. 2018

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“…As discussed earlier, the sludge production volume for red lentil extract as coagulant was 15.6% lower which could save up to $5.9 per ton of the sludge produced. Besides, the treatment using alum generated aluminum-based sludge, which required higher cost and special treatment in certain countries, i.e., Malaysia classified aluminum-based sludge as Scheduled Waste (SW204) [36]. Contrastingly, the sludge generated by using red lentil extract is biodegradable organics which may reuse as a fertilizer.…”

Section: Economic Feasibility Analysis Of Lentil Extracts As Coagulantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Lentil (Lens culinaris) Extract as a Novel Natural Coagulant for Turbidity Reduction: An Evaluation, Characterization and Performance Optimization Study

Chua

Malek

Kait

et al. 2019

Water

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Increasing awareness on the detrimental effects of inorganic chemical coagulants and sustainable treatment have paved the way to develop environmentally-benign natural coagulants for water and wastewater treatment. In this research, brown, green, and red lentil (Lens culinaris) extracts have been evaluated as a natural coagulant for the turbidity reduction. The physicochemical characteristics properties of lentil extract were evaluated through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Red lentil extract was found to be an anionic polymer with hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups. The effects of three major operating parameters, pH, the concentration of coagulant, and settling time, were studied and optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) using the Box–Behnken Design (BBD). The red lentil extract as coagulant was outperformed alum in acidic wastewater treatment, which achieved up to 98.87% turbidity removal with an optimum concentration of 26.3 mg/L in 3 min. Besides, the red lentil extract as coagulant reduced 29.42% of material cost, generated 15.6% lower amount of sludge and produced flocs with better settling characteristic (SVI: 7.39) as compared to alum. Based on the experimental observation and characterization study, absorption and bridging mechanisms were proposed for red lentil extract as the coagulant in turbidity reduction.

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“…The obtained results can be seen from Table 1 that 1:1 ratio is the optimum ratio with removability up to 98% for all parameters. In another study by Choy et al [9] was shown in Table 1 regarding the combination of starch and chemical coagulant to treat kaolin suspended water. The study showed that autoclaved rice starch alone can remove 50% of kaolin at a dosage of 120 mg/L and pH of 4, however kaolin removal can increase up to 78% by adding a second step coagulation using PACl.…”

Section: Plants Containing Starchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Natural Coagulant in Coagulation Process: A Review

Amran¹,

Zaidi²,

Muda³

et al. 2018

IJET

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Natural coagulants have been increasingly popular in the past few years due to its benefits and the fact that it resolves mos t of the associated problems when using chemical coagulants. Plant-based natural coagulants perform coagulation either by polymer bridging or charge neutralization, it can be extracted from various plant components. Concerted research and development efforts have been conducted in discovering new plant species and constituents that can be used as natural coagulants, which further boosting the effectiveness of existing plant-based natural coagulants. The objective of this paper is to provide a mini review on studies done over the span of ten years regarding plant-based natural coagulants. This paper also includes advantages and disadvantages of natural coagulants prior to identify several potential research gaps to provide platform towards the need of further study.

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Performance of conventional starches as natural coagulants for turbidity removal

Cited by 96 publications

References 39 publications

Removal of Algae, and Taste and Odor Compounds by a Combination of Plant-Mineral Composite (PMC) Coagulant with UV-AOPs: Laboratory and Pilot Scale Studies

Removal of Algae, and Taste and Odor Compounds by a Combination of Plant-Mineral Composite (PMC) Coagulant with UV-AOPs: Laboratory and Pilot Scale Studies

Red Lentil (Lens culinaris) Extract as a Novel Natural Coagulant for Turbidity Reduction: An Evaluation, Characterization and Performance Optimization Study

Effectiveness of Natural Coagulant in Coagulation Process: A Review

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