Performance of CuO–ZnO–ZrO2 and CuO–ZnO–MnO as metallic functions and SAPO-18 as acid function of the catalyst for the synthesis of DME co-feeding CO2

Power-to-liquidviasynthesis of methanol, DME or Fischer–Tropsch-fuels: a review

“…More detail can be found in Alvarez et al, which provide an overview of hybrid catalysts investigated in the last 10 years. 323 Ateka et al 324 investigated alternative promoters for bifunctional catalysts (Cu-based with Zr or Mn promoters on SAPO-18 zeolite). Zr and Mn metallic functions of the catalyst showed a similar behaviour for the methanol synthesis step, however provided higher yields and selectivity for the DME step.…”

Capability of the Direct Dimethyl Ether Synthesis Process for the Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

“…The CZMn/S-18 hybrid catalyst is prepared by physical mixture of the metallic and acid functions, and it is then finely powdered, pelletized, crushed and sieved to the desired particle size (125-500 µm). The preparation conditions of both functions and their properties, along with the properties of the hybrid catalyst, have been detailed in previous works [34,35], and the most relevant properties have been summarized in Table 1. The regenerability of this catalyst by coke combustion with air has also been assessed [36].…”

“…The main objective of this work is to determine the appropriate conditions (temperature, pressure, space time, H 2 /CO x, and CO 2 /CO molar ratios in the feed) to avoid the emission of CO 2 and attain its effective conversion, as well as achieving a good compromise between DME production and CO 2 conversion. The study has been conducted using a CuO-ZnO-MnO/SAPO-18 bifunctional catalyst, selected based on its good kinetic performance (activity, selectivity, and stability) in the direct synthesis of DME co-feeding CO 2 [34].…”

Sorption enhanced dimethyl ether synthesis under industrially relevant conditions: experimental validation of pressure swing regeneration

“…This deactivation can be caused by the competing adsorption of water, dimers, trimers, or even larger alcohol-water clusters, but also the (reversible) formation of (surface) boehmite was shown. 27 Despite the large attention for more active low-temperature methanol dehydration catalysts, 4,6,59,69,71,73,74,[76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] γ-Al 2 O 3 remains the catalyst of choice for industrial DME production, due to its low cost, high surface area, good thermal and mechanical stability, and high selectivity to DME because its relatively weak Lewis acid sites do not promote side reactions. 4,70,96,97 In contrast to direct DME synthesis, SEDMES offers two specific advantages for the (γ-Al 2 O 3 ) catalyst: the system is operated at low steam pressures and is periodically regenerated due to its adsorptive nature.…”