Performance of embankments on liquefiable soil deposits improved with with dense granular columns

Abstract

Past earthquakes have shown that dense granular columns (DGC) can help improve the seismic performance of critical geotechnical structures founded on liquefiable soil deposits through a combination of (i) installation-induced densification, (ii) enhanced drainage, and (iii) shear reinforcement; even at relatively low area replacement ratios. However, the independent influence and contribution of these mitigation mechanisms on engineering demand parameters of interest in design (e.g., excess pore water pressures, shear stresses and strains, accelerations, and permanent deformations) are not yet well understood in the context of liquefaction triggering and committee for their valuable feedback and comments throughout the course of this project: