Performance of four different rat strains in the autoshaping, two-object discrimination, and swim maze tests of learning and memory

Andrews, John S.; Jansen, J.H. Marco; Linders, S.; Princen, A.; Broekkamp, C.L.E.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)00336-x

Cited by 83 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The PVN also contributes to learning, memory, as well as having a role in stress, pain, and immune responses (Bodnar et al, 1986;Senba et al, 1993;Smith and Day, 1994;Matsumoto et al, 1997;Marquez et al, 2004;see Doris (1984) for review). The greater baseline activity in the SII, AD, BLA, and PVN of the LE may explain, in part, published reports that LE rats perform better in cognitive tasks (Lindner and Schallert, 1988;Tonkiss et al, 1992;Andrews et al, 1995;Harker and Whishaw, 2002), have higher baseline levels of locomotor activity (Aulakh et al, 1988;Onaivi et al, 1992;van Lier et al, 2003), and show less reactivity to external stimuli (Glowa and Hanson, 1994;Acri et al, 1995;Faraday, 2002). In addition, LE rats are more sensitive to painful stimuli, indicated by lower baseline responses to painful mechanical and thermal stimuli applied to the hindpaw (Mills et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Differences in forebrain activation in two strains of rat at rest and after spinal cord injury

Paulson

Gorman²,

Yezierski

et al. 2005

Experimental Neurology

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Forebrain activation patterns in normal and spinal-injured Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were determined by measuring regional cerebral blood flow as an indicator of neuronal activity. Data are compared to our previously published findings from normal and spinal-injured Long-Evans (LE) rats and reveal a striking degree of overlap, as well as differences, between strains in the basal (unstimulated) forebrain activation in normal animals. Specifically, 81% of the structures sampled showed similar activation in both strains, suggesting a consistent and identifiable pattern of basal cerebral activation in the rat. LE controls showed significantly greater basal activation in the remaining structures compared to SD control group, including the anterior dorsal thalamus, basolateral amygdala, SII cortex, and the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. In contrast, spinal cord injury (SCI) resulted in strain-specific changes in forebrain activation categorized by structures that showed significant increases in: (1) only LE SCI rats (posterior, ventrolateral, and ventroposterolateral thalamic nuclei); (2) only SD SCI rats (anterior-dorsal and medial thalamus, basolateral amygdala, cingulate and retrosplenial cortex, habenula, interpeduncular nucleus, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, periaqueductal gray); or (3) both strains (arcuate nucleus, ventroposteromedial thalamus, SI and SII somatosensory cortex). These results provide information related to the remote, i.e. supraspinal, effects of spinal cord injury and suggest that genetic differences play an important part in the forebrain response to such injury. Brain activation studies therefore provide a useful tool in understanding the full extent of secondary consequences following spinal injury and for identifying potential central mechanism responsible for the development of pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Differences in forebrain activation in two strains of rat at rest and after spinal cord injury

Paulson

Gorman²,

Yezierski

et al. 2005

Experimental Neurology

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“…Differences exist in object and arena features like the size, shape and materials. Also, differences in animal strain, age, gender, and housing conditions have been reported to influence object recognition [15,[26][27][28][29]. Furthermore, different test protocols are being used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Object recognition testing: Methodological considerations on exploration and discrimination measures

Akkerman

Blokland

Reneerkens

et al. 2012

Behavioural Brain Research

179

123

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“…The dependent measure was the percentage of bar presses during the test session. To overcome potential floor effects, another experiment was conducted in which rats were given additional daily test sessions, first using the same procedures as described above, and then under slightly different conditions to further facilitate the rate of acquisition, in which the lever remained extended for 30 s, and was retracted for 10 s, for 50 trials each day, as reported previously (Andrews et al, 1995).…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Effects of Serotonin 6 (5-HT6) Receptor Antagonists in Rodent Models of Learning

Lindner¹,

Hodges²,

Hogan³

et al. 2003

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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Antagonists of serotonin 6 (5-HT6) receptors have been reported to enhance cognition in animal models of learning, although this finding has not been universal. We have assessed the therapeutic potential of the specific 5-HT6 receptor antagonists 4-amino-N-(2,6-bis-methylamino-pyrimidin-4-yl)-benzenesulfonamide (Ro 04-6790) and 5-chloro-N-(4-methoxy-3-piperazin-1-yl-phenyl)-3-methyl-2-benzothiophenesulfonamide (SB-271046) in rodent models of cognitive function. Although mice express the 5-HT6 receptor and the function of this receptor has been investigated in mice, all reports of activity with 5-HT6 receptor antagonists have used rat models. In the present study, receptor binding revealed that the pharmacological properties of the mouse receptor are different from the rat and human receptor: Ro 04-6790 does not bind to the mouse 5-HT6 receptor, so all in vivo testing included in the present report was conducted in rats. We replicated previous reports that 5-HT6 receptor antagonists produce a stretching syndrome previously shown to be mediated through cholinergic mechanisms, but Ro 04-6790 and SB-271046 failed to attenuate scopolamine-induced deficits in a test of contextual fear conditioning. We also failed to replicate the significant effects reported previously in both an autoshaping task and in a version of the Morris water maze. The results of our experiments are not consistent with previous reports that suggested that 5-HT6 antagonists might have therapeutic potential for cognitive disorders.

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Performance of four different rat strains in the autoshaping, two-object discrimination, and swim maze tests of learning and memory

Cited by 83 publications

References 28 publications

Differences in forebrain activation in two strains of rat at rest and after spinal cord injury

Differences in forebrain activation in two strains of rat at rest and after spinal cord injury

Object recognition testing: Methodological considerations on exploration and discrimination measures

An Assessment of the Effects of Serotonin 6 (5-HT6) Receptor Antagonists in Rodent Models of Learning

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