Performance of graphite and graphene as electrodes in primary cell battery

Siburian, Rikson; Sihotang, Herlince; Raja, Saur Lumban; Gultom, Jamahir; Supeno, Minto

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1116/4/042034

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…01-1121 [18]. One indexed peak was observed at 23 • (002) in the XRD patterns of the nanocomposites of 3% and 5%, which could be related to the percentage of graphene [19][20][21][22][23]. The peak at 32 • (110) in the nanocomposites of the 3% and 5% samples appeared to be a confirming peak of the cubic structure of the nanocomposites' crystal structure that could be shifting around its initial position in the XRD spectroscopy of the sample [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Graphene Concentration on the Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Materials

Alruwashid

Dar²,

Alharthi

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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A two-step process was applied to synthesize the cobalt ferrite-graphene composite materials in a one-pot hydrothermal reaction process. Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized by a modified Hummer’s method. The synthesized composite materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD and FTIR results were in good agreement with the TGA/DTG observations. SEM and TEM disclosed the spherical shape of the nanoparticles in 4–10 nm. The optimized CoFe2O4-G (1–5 wt.%) composite materials samples were tried for their conductivity, supercapacity, and corrosion properties. The CV results demonstrated a distinctive behavior of the supercapacitor, while the modified CoFe2O4-G (5 wt.%) electrode demonstrated a strong reduction in the Rct value (~94 Ω). The highest corrosion current density valves and corrosion rates were attained in the CoFe2O4-G (5 wt.%) composite materials as 5.53 and 0.20, respectively. The high conductivity of graphene that initiated the poor corrosion rate of the CoFe2O4-graphene composite materials could be accredited to the high conductivity and reactivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of Graphene Concentration on the Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Materials

Alruwashid

Dar²,

Alharthi

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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“…It is well-known that the peak at 2θ • = 26.5 indicates the graphene characteristic structure. The graphene peak has a lower intensity, which is decreased compared to graphite, showing that the graphite tends to have an amorphous crystal structure of graphene [40]. In the XRD pattern of graphite, the (002) crystal plane of graphite was evident, with a d-spacing of 3.4 Å, which is typical for graphite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is well-known that the peak at 2θ° = 26.5 indicates the graphene characteristic structure. The graphene peak has a lower intensity, which is decreased compared to graphite, showing that the graphite tends to have an amorphous crystal structure of graphene [40]. The stable homogeneous dispersion of graphite can be achieved in solvents, such as DMSO, DMF, and PA, possessing similar surface tensions close to that of graphene (~68 mJ/m 2 ) [38,39].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents

Gürünlü

Taşdelen-Yücedağ

2020

Crystals

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The liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low cost, and scalability. High-intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and perchloric acid (PA) without adding any surfactants or ionic liquids. The crystal structure, number of layers, particle size, and morphology of the synthesized graphene samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and AFM analyses indicated that G-DMSO and G-DMF have few layers while G-PA has multilayers. The layer numbers of G-DMSO, G-DMF, and G-PA were determined as 9, 10, and 21, respectively. By DLS analysis, the particle sizes, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of graphene samples were estimated in a few micrometers. TEM analyses showed that G-DMSO and G-DMF possess sheet-like fewer layers and also, G-PA has wrinkled and unordered multilayers.

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“…Graphite and graphene efficiency is measured using conductivity check results for graphene, mn / graphene and Cu/graphene with 939 μS cm-1, 551.4 μS cm-1 and 481.1μScm-1 respectively. In primary cell batteries, graphite and graphene may be used as electrodes [10]. Another work was conducted to recycle the carbon rod of the used zinccarbon battery as a biogas desulfurizer.…”

Section: Sem Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Graphite Bars on Used Batteries Become Coating Material for Steel

Tjahjanti¹

2020

IJETER

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The purpose of this research is to utilize graphite rods in use batteries to be processed into graphene oxide as a coating on steel to be resistant to corrosion. Liquid exfoliation and surfactant methods used to make Corrosion Penetration Rate (CPR) method for calculating weight loss. Corrosion monitoring by immersing samples of low carbon steel in a solution of 0.1 M NaCl for 2, 4, and 6 hours. Final results showed that low carbon steel samples have CP R values that have the smallest CPR is 0.5 gram graphite bars on using batteries + 25ml aquadest + 25ml H 2 SO 4 . The value of not exceeding the standard permissible rate (0.5 mm/ yr). Applications for this study showed that CPR of low carbon steel that coated using graphene oxide from graphite bars on using batteries more lower than CPR of steel with a coating in general (galvanized).

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Performance of graphite and graphene as electrodes in primary cell battery

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Graphene Concentration on the Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Materials

Effect of Graphene Concentration on the Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite Materials

Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents

Utilization of Graphite Bars on Used Batteries Become Coating Material for Steel

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