Performance of `Hamlin' Orange on 16 Rootstocks in East-central Florida

Abstract

<jats:p>`Hamlin' orange (<jats:italic>Citrus sinensis</jats:italic> L. Osbeck) was grown on 15 rootstocks: four citrumelos [<jats:italic>C. paradisi</jats:italic> Macf. × <jats:italic>Poncirus trifoliata</jats:italic> (L.) Raf.], five mandarin × trifoliate orange hybrids (<jats:italic>C. reticulata</jats:italic> Blanco × <jats:italic>P. trifoliata</jats:italic>), two pummelo × trifoliate orange hybrids [<jats:italic>C. grandis</jats:italic> (L.) × <jats:italic>P. trifoliata</jats:italic>], Vangasay lemon (<jats:italic>C. limon</jats:italic> Burm. f.), Norton citrange (<jats:italic>C. sinensis</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>P. trifoliata</jats:italic>), and two Smooth Flat Seville (<jats:italic>C. aurantium</jats:italic> L. hybrid?) hybrids. These scion–rootstock combinations were compared to trees on Swingle citrumelo, the most widely used citrus rootstock in Florida. One Smooth Flat Seville hybrid was eliminated early because of poor growth and variability in size, and the Vangasay lemon rootstock was eliminated because of severe freeze damage. At age 5, the trees on Norton citrange developed citrus blight and were eliminated. Remaining in the experiment for 7 years, `Hamlin' trees on six of the 13 rootstocks produced more fruit than trees on Swingle citrumelo. Of these six, HRS 852 (Changsha mandarin × English large-flowered trifoliate orange) was the best overall rootstock, with trees on it producing large quantities of high-quality fruit on medium-sized canopies.</jats:p>

Soil acidity and citrus blight

“…The most fertile soil investigated in Indiantown had a CEC of 12.7 meq-100 g" 1 (Wutscher and Bistline, 1988), an organic matter content of 2.4%, and a reserve acidity level of 64.8 mmol H + kg 1 ; this grove was Downloaded by [George Mason University] at 00:30 26 December 2014 essentially citrus blight-free. At Vero Beach, on the other hand, the soil had a CEC of 4.2 meq-100 g"\ 1 % organic matter content, and 12.5 mmol H + kg" 1 reserve acidity (Table 3).…”

“…Cloud in the eastern flatwoods region consisted of a grove planted in 1944 ("old") with only three blighted trees in a well-defined area and an adjoining part of the grove planted in 1970 ("new") with a very heavy incidence of blight (Wutscher, 1986), and a grove planted in 1986 on virgin land (Wutscher, 1995). Two groves on deep sand in the Ridge region in Davenport and Babson Park were typical of the center of the peninsula (Wutscher, 1989), two groves on the lower east coast were in sharp contrast with each other in blight incidence: one near Vero Beach was heavily affected, while one near Indiantown had only a single blighted tree among 1,200 trees after 17 years (Wutscher and Bistline, 1988). Two groves in LaBelle and Arcadia represented the shallow-soil area on the lower West Coast (Wutscher, 1989).…”

“…This was first reported in Argentina (Casafus et al, 1980) and was confirmed by observations in Australia, with the absence of blight in the Mediterranean area, Arizona, California, and in special situations in Florida (Wutscher, 1986;Wutscher and Lee, 1988). Bight-affected trees are rarely found on highly acid soils (Wutscher, 1986;Wutscher and Bistline, 1988). Detailed soil analyses show that blight is correlated with high pH and calcium (Ca) levels (Wutscher, 1989).…”

Performance of Musambi Sweet Orange on Rough Lemon and Volkameriana Rootstocks at Sargodha, Pakistan

“…The evaluation of rootstock is dynamic for the commercial development of citrus crops because the rootstock affects more than twenty horticultural variables of citrus plants including yield. Evaluation of rootstock for scion variety must be done in the vicinity, to check the plant response to the weather, soil, disease and crop management (Wutscher and Bistline, 1988). The response of the rootstocks for the above mentioned variables could improve the actual yield of the sweet oranges grafted over the rough lemon because of its resistance against warm weather and water scarcity in Punjab, Pakistan.…”

Influência da irrigação localizada na absorção de água do porta-enxerto limão 'Cravo', em plantas adultas de lima ácida 'Tahiti'.

“…O uso de porta-enxertos pode ser vantajoso, na medida que pode conferir às plantas caracteres agronômicos interessantes. Os porta-enxertos afetam o VIgor e a produtividade das plantas (Wutscher & Bistline, 1988); a absorção de nutrientes minerais (Castle & Kresdomm, 1975); o balanço hormonal (Stevens & Westwood, 1984); a qualidade dos frutos (Albrigo, 1977); a taxa de assimilação de gás carbônico e a transpiração (Yelenoski, 1991); a tolerância a doenças (Pompeu Jr., 1991) e à seca (Yelenoski, 1991). Observa-se que o limoeiro 'Cravo' induz as diversas copas utilizadas no Brasil a uma maior tolerância à seca (Pompeu Jr., 1991).…”