Performance of nickel?scandia-stabilized zirconia cermet anodes for SOFCs in 3% HO?CH

Sumi, Hiroyuki; Ukai, Kenji; Mizutani, Yasunobu; Mori, Hiroshi; Wen, Ching–ju; Takahashi, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Osamu

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2004.06.016

Cited by 118 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…There is no record, however, of these compositions being used for the direct utilization of liquid fuels. Recently, it has been found that the substitution of YSZ with scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) improves the stability under coking conditions [120,121], but any attempt to directly utilize higher hydrocarbons resulted in rapid deactivation [122].…”

Section: Survey Of Anode Materials For the Direct Utilization Of Hydrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

2009

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Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have the advantage of being able to operate with fuels other than hydrogen. In particular, liquid fuels are especially attractive for powering portable applications such as small power generators or auxiliary power units, in which case the direct utilization of the fuel would be convenient. Although liquid fuels are easier to handle and transport than hydrogen, their direct use in SOFC can lead to anode deactivation due to carbon formation, especially on traditional nickel/yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ) anodes. Significant advances have been made in anodic materials that are resistant to carbon formation but often these materials are less electrochemically active than Ni/YSZ. In this review the challenges of using liquid fuels directly in SOFC, in terms of gas-phase and catalytic reactions within the anode chamber, will be discussed and the alternative anode materials so far investigated will be compared.

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Section: Survey Of Anode Materials For the Direct Utilization Of Hydrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

2009

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“…33 While the ionic conductivity of ScSZ is significantly higher than that of YSZ, the authors found negligible differences in performance for Ni-YSZ and Ni-ScSZ electrodes, with YSZ-based cells even outperforming the ScSZ-cells under some conditions. 33 The situation is similarly uncertain for SOFC composite cathodes. Perry Murray and Barnett observed significantly lower polarization resistances for composites of LSM with Gd-doped ceria compared to that of LSM-YSZ (Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the Ionic Conductivity of the Electrolyte in Composite SOFC Cathodes

Vohs

Gorte

2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathodes were prepared by infiltration of 35 wt % La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (LSF) into porous scaffolds of three, zirconia-based electrolytes in order to determine the effect of the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte material on cathode impedances. The electrolyte scaffolds were 10 mol % Sc2O3-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ), 8 mol % Y2O3-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and 3 mol % Y2O3- 20 mol % Al2O3-doped zirconia (YAZ), prepared by tape casting with graphite pore formers. Each electrolyte scaffold was 65% porous, with identical pore structures as determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both symmetric cells and fuel cells were prepared and tested between 873 and 1073 K, using LSF composites that had been calcined to 1123 or 1373 K. Literature values for the electrolyte conductivities were confirmed using the ohmic losses from the impedance spectra. The electrode impedances decreased with increasing electrolyte conductivity, with the dependence being between to the power of 0.5 and 1.0, depending on the operating temperature and LSF calcination temperature.

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“…7 A cermet composed of nickel-yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) is widely used as an anode material of SOFCs. Amorphous carbon easily deposited on the Ni-YSZ anode in methane at S/C < 1 and high temperatures above 800°C, which caused rapid degradation of anode performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 The change from YSZ to scandia stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) in the Ni-based anodes for SOFCs enabled continuous generation of electric power over a period of several hundred hours in methane at S/C = 0.03 and 1000°C. 7 After the direct methane utilization, crystalline graphite nanofibers grew up from the Ni catalysts in the Ni-ScSZ anode, which affected the catalytic deactivation less than amorphous carbon. Murray et al 9 also demonstrated direct methane utilization of SOFC with low S/C ratio by decreasing the operating temperature from the range of 800 1000°C to the range of 550650°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Operating Temperature on Durability for Direct Butane Utilization of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

et al. 2013

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The effect of operating temperature on durability was investigated for direct butane utilization using microtubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). At 710°C, the performance of the Ni-Gd doped ceria (Ni-GDC) anode deteriorated rapidly for less than 2 h in butane fuel with relatively low steam/carbon (S/C) ratio at 0.044 because of a large amount of carbon deposition by butane cracking. The carbon nanofiber grew up from catalysis in the Ni-GDC anode after direct butane utilization at 660°C for 15 h. The carbon deposition rate in wet butane was slower than that in dry butane below 660°C on the Ni-GDC composite, because the oxidation of deposited carbon was also promoted by catalysis in the presence of water. The electric power could be generated continuously for more than 24 h in butane at S/C = 0.044 and relatively low operating temperature at 610°C using the Ni-GDC anode. Decrease in the operating temperature realized high durability against carbon deposition for direct butane utilization of SOFCs using the Ni-GDC anode.

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Performance of nickel?scandia-stabilized zirconia cermet anodes for SOFCs in 3% HO?CH

Cited by 118 publications

References 1 publication

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

Effect of the Ionic Conductivity of the Electrolyte in Composite SOFC Cathodes

Effect of Operating Temperature on Durability for Direct Butane Utilization of Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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