Performance of older adults under dual task during stair descent

Zhang, Cui; Sun, Wei; Song, Qipeng; Gu, Houxin; Mao, Dewei

doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2018.09.001

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, there were no significant differences between stair ascent and descent alone compared to dual-tasking with an easy working memory task. Another study revealed that responding to an arithmetic task led to a decline in gait speed between single and dual-tasks during stair descent [ 20 ]. Therefore, gait speed changes may greatly depend on the difficulty of the cognitive task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study builds upon previous behavioral work that examined changes in gait speed and response time performance in older adults during stair negotiation [ 17 , 20 ]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic response (∆HbO2 and ∆HbR) and performance (gait speed, response time and response accuracy) changes in older adults under single and dual-task stair ascent and descent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Similar findings were obtained during a standing balance task, whereby decreasing the base of support and increasing instability led to slower response times in older adults [ 18 ]. Other studies have focused primarily on stair descent, where older adults decreased their gait speed compared to overground walking [ 19 ] and while responding to a mental arithmetic task [ 20 ]. Accuracy scores proved to be more dependent on cognitive task difficulty, such that higher scores were achieved during response time tasks [ 21 ] compared to serial subtractions [ 22 ] and working memory tasks [ 23 ] during overground walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prefrontal Cortex Involvement during Dual-Task Stair Climbing in Healthy Older Adults: An fNIRS Study

et al. 2021

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Executive function and motor control deficits adversely affect gait performance with age, but the neural correlates underlying this interaction during stair climbing remains unclear. Twenty older adults (72.7 ± 6.9 years) completed single tasks: standing and responding to a response time task (SC), ascending or descending stairs (SMup, SMdown); and a dual-task: responding while ascending or descending stairs (DTup, DTdown). Prefrontal hemodynamic response changes (∆HbO2, ∆HbR) were examined using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), gait speed was measured using in-shoe smart insoles, and vocal response time and accuracy were recorded. Findings revealed increased ∆HbO2 (p = 0.020) and slower response times (p < 0.001) during dual- versus single tasks. ∆HbR (p = 0.549), accuracy (p = 0.135) and gait speed (p = 0.475) were not significantly different between tasks or stair climbing conditions. ∆HbO2 and response time findings suggest that executive processes are less efficient during dual-tasks. These findings, in addition to gait speed and accuracy maintenance, may provide insights into the neural changes that precede performance declines. To capture the subtle differences between stair ascent and descent and extend our understanding of the neural correlates of stair climbing in older adults, future studies should examine more difficult cognitive tasks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prefrontal Cortex Involvement during Dual-Task Stair Climbing in Healthy Older Adults: An fNIRS Study

et al. 2021

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“…In an experimental study on OA aged 65 years and older, VGA was recorded in terms of a transition from a wide to a narrower path. Other studies have used dual-task paradigms during stair climbing to assess VGA [ 20 , 21 ]. There is a considerable body of literature on cognitive tasks affecting VGA [ 22 - 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of voluntary gait adaptability tasks requiring cognitive demands in older adults

Kim¹,

Vinent²,

Deller³

et al. 2023

Phys Act Nutr

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[Purpose] Voluntary gait adaptability is a complex construct that requires cognitive demands and dynamic balance control; it also has implications for the daily lives of older adults. This ability has been extensively studied, however, a comprehensive overview of appropriate tasks for measuring voluntary gait adaptability in older adults is lacking. Our scoping review aimed to identify existing voluntary gait adaptability tasks for older adults, summarize the specific methodological features requiring cognitive demands found in previous studies, and categorize these tasks according to experimental procedure and setup.[Methods] A comprehensive literature search was performed using six databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase). This included studies that investigated voluntary gait adaptability in older adults (≥ 65 years old) with and without neurological disorders, with a focus on experimental tasks requiring cognitive function (e.g., response to visual or auditive stimuli) while walking.[Results] Sixteen studies were included; most involved visual stimuli, such as obstacles, stairs, or colored cues, and few required auditory stimuli. The studies were categorized according to the experimental procedure, for example, ascent/descent of obstacles (n = 3), inconsistent surfaces (n = 1), lateral gait adjustment (n = 4), obstacle avoidance (n = 6), and stepping tasks (n = 2), as well as experimental setup, including instrumented treadmills (n = 3), stairs (n = 3), and walkways (n = 10).[Conclusion] The results show wide heterogeneity between studies regarding experimental procedures and setup. Our scoping review highlights the need for additional experimental studies and systematic reviews on voluntary gait adaptability in older adults.

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“…In modern architecture, particularly social architecture, stairs have become functionally indispensable because of the need to create more useable space through the construction of multi-storey buildings. Stairs are, however, inherently difficult for humans to negotiate and are nearly always associated with the risk of accident (Atlas, 2019;Zhang et al, 2018;Jacobs, 2016;Neary, 2014). Several IJBPA 40,1 20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stair step geometry compliance with standard specifications for safety and usability: a study of selected university buildings in Ghana

Agyefi-Mensah

Kpamma

Hagan

2020

IJBPA

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PurposeCompliance with standard specifications in stairway design and construction, particularly the step geometry, is imperative for the safety and usability of stairs. The purpose of this study, was to assess the compliance of stair step geometry parameters with standard specifications in selected public buildings in Ghana. Specifically, the study investigated the prevalence of deviations in step geometry parameters from standard provisions; how significant these deviations are in comparison, and by theoretical association, the potential risk of accidents.Design/methodology/approachField measurement of the geometric parameters of a total of 1954 steps in 204 flights of stairs within 28 university buildings was undertaken using a calibrated Multi Digit Pro + digital spirit level and a tape measure following the Nose-to-Nose Method. The results were analyzed using in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Minitab 18 and interpreted based on mean values, one-sample t-test and percentages.FindingsAlthough some parameters generally complied with standard specifications, dimensional inconsistencies in risers and treads of adjacent steps were most prevalent, and significantly at margins far above standard specifications. The findings of the study show the unique limitation of the step geometry design requirements specified in the current Ghana National Building Code and the National Building Regulation, and by association, the potential risk of accidents and discomfort in the use of stairs in public buildings such as those on university campuses.Practical implicationsThe observed deviations in the dimensions of risers and treads point to a lack of strict compliance with standard specifications in the design and construction of stairs. Apart from engaging skilled artisans, and intensifying supervision in stair construction, development control authorities in Ghana need to strengthen inspection of stairs during construction to ensure and enforce compliance.Originality/valueFindings of the study provide insight into stairway design, as well as stair safety and usability in a developing world context, and allows for a more comprehensive study of stair-related accidents and discomfort associated with stairs in public buildings as a basis for the review of standards and codes in Ghana and other developing countries.

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Performance of older adults under dual task during stair descent

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Prefrontal Cortex Involvement during Dual-Task Stair Climbing in Healthy Older Adults: An fNIRS Study

Prefrontal Cortex Involvement during Dual-Task Stair Climbing in Healthy Older Adults: An fNIRS Study

A scoping review of voluntary gait adaptability tasks requiring cognitive demands in older adults

Stair step geometry compliance with standard specifications for safety and usability: a study of selected university buildings in Ghana

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