Performance of PIV and PTV for granular flow measurements

Gollin, Devis; Brevis, Wernher; Bowman, Elisabeth T.; Shepley, Paul

doi:10.1007/s10035-017-0730-9

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Compared to the PIV method, the tags have much larger dimensions. This kind low-cost DPIV set-ups, using free PIV software and high-speed cameras instead of the classical double exposure cameras, have been successfully employed in PIV and liquid-granular PIV applications [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The basis for calculating the speed of movement of the tag is the analysis of its movement based on the image of only one image of the fluid flow.…”

Section: Test Stand For Experimental Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Influence of the Vortex Shedder Shape on the Metrological Properties of the Vortex Flow Meter

Rząsa

Czapla-Niełacna

2021

Sensors

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Vortex flow meters are used to measure the flow of gases and liquids. The flow meters of this type measure the frequency of vortices that arise behind an obstacle set in the path of the flowing fluid. The frequency is a function of the speed of the flowing fluid. This obstacle is called the vortex shedder bar. The advantage of this solution is that the frequency of vortices does not viscose on the rheological properties of the fluid, such as viscosity or density. As a result, the indications of the vortex flowmeter do not depend on the temperature and type of fluid. The work includes numerical and experimental studies of the effect of changing the shape of a vortex generator on the stability of vortex generation in a vortex flowmeter. The article presents a numerical analysis of the influence of selected surfaces of the vortex shedder on the parameters of the vortex flowmeter. In order to determine the influence of the shape of the vortex shedder on the type of generated vortices, simulations were carried out for various flow velocities. Numerical calculations were experimentally verified for a cylinder-shaped vortex shedder. The experimental tests consist in determining the velocity field behind the vortex shedder. For this purpose, a proprietary method of determining local liquid velocities and the visualization of local vortices were used. On the basis of the conducted research, the influence of the shape of the vortex shedder on the width of the von Karman vortex street was determined and the optimal longitudinal distance from the shedder was determined in which it is most useful to measure the frequency of the vortices. This place ensures the stability of the frequency of the generated vortices.

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Section: Test Stand For Experimental Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Influence of the Vortex Shedder Shape on the Metrological Properties of the Vortex Flow Meter

Rząsa

Czapla-Niełacna

2021

Sensors

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“…Both techniques, based on the analysis of floating tracers, were originally developed for laboratory experiments under controlled conditions and essentially enlarge the basic technique principles of the particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique to the large-scale cases; LSPIV adopts a Eulerian point of view, while LSPTV uses a Lagrangian point of view. The two techniques have several common characteristics, described for instance in [23,24], while the main differences lay in the adopted procedures for the evaluation of the recordings: LSPIV estimates the velocity at image sub-regions, while LSPTV reconstructs the trajectory of individual particles transiting in the field of view [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Methods for River Monitoring: A Simulation-Based Approach to Explore Optimal Experimental Setup for LSPIV

Pumo

Alongi

Ciraolo

et al. 2021

Water

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Recent advances in image-based methods for environmental monitoring are opening new frontiers for remote streamflow measurements in natural environments. Such techniques offer numerous advantages compared to traditional approaches. Despite the wide availability of cost-effective devices and software for image processing, these techniques are still rarely systematically implemented in practical applications, probably due to the lack of consistent operational protocols for both phases of images acquisition and processing. In this work, the optimal experimental setup for LSPIV based flow velocity measurements under different conditions is explored using the software PIVlab, investigating performance and sensitivity to some key factors. Different synthetic image sequences, reproducing a river flow with a realistic velocity profile and uniformly distributed floating tracers, are generated under controlled conditions. Different parametric scenarios are created considering diverse combinations of flow velocity, tracer size, seeding density, and environmental conditions. Multiple replications per scenario are processed, using descriptive statistics to characterize errors in PIVlab estimates. Simulations highlight the crucial role of some parameters (e.g., seeding density) and demonstrate how appropriate video duration, frame-rate and parameters setting in relation to the hydraulic conditions can efficiently counterbalance many of the typical operative issues (i.e., scarce tracer concentration) and improve algorithms performance.

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“…The convergence limit of 0.01 pixel was employed in the image analysis (DantecDynamics 2013). A typical mean size of sand grain was represented by a patch of 39 3 pixels to minimise any error in the PIV measurements (Gollin et al 2017). Each of these patches was tracked using an adaptive PIV method to identify the deformation field of sand grains between successive images, to a measurement precision of 0.014 mm for the field of view used during these experiments.…”

Section: Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (Dpiv) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each of these patches was tracked using an adaptive PIV method to identify the deformation field of sand grains between successive images, to a measurement precision of 0.014 mm for the field of view used during these experiments. The adaptive PIV iteratively adjust the size and the shape of the individual IA in order to adapt to local seeding densities (seeding with particles to create colour coded upon which image processing can operate) and flow gradients (DantecDynamics 2013;Jahanger et al 2016;Gollin et al 2017;Jahanger and Antony 2017a, b;Jahanger et al 2018a, b). This space-pixel dimension of the measurement was calibrated by printing a known scale on the test box along the horizontal and vertical directions.…”

Section: Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (Dpiv) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Scale Displacement Fields in Grains–Structure Interactions Under Cyclic Loading: Experiments and Simulations

Antony

Jahanger

2019

Geotech Geol Eng

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Soils encounter cyclic loading conditions in situ, for example during the earthquakes and in the construction sequences of pavements. Investigations on the local scale displacements of the soil grain and their failure patterns under the cyclic loading conditions are relatively scarce in the literature. In this study, the local displacement fields of a dense sand layer interacting with a rigid footing under the planestrain condition are examined using both experiments and simulations. Three commonly used types of cyclic loading conditions were applied on the footing. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) is used to measure the local scale displacement fields in the soil, and to understand the evolution of the failure envelopes in the sand media under the cyclic loading conditions. The experimental results are compared with corresponding finite element analysis (FEA), in which experimentally-characterised constitutive relations are fed as an input into the FEM simulations. For comparison purposes, the case of footing subjected to the quasistatic loading condition was also studied. In general, the results show a good level of agreement between the results of the experiments and simulations conducted here. Overall, relatively shallower but wider displacement fields are observed under the cyclic loading, when compared with that of the quasi-static load test. The vorticity regions are highly localized at the shear bands in the sand media under the ultimate load. The research contributes to new understanding on the local scale displacement fields and their link to the bearing capacity of the footing under the cyclic loading environments.

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Performance of PIV and PTV for granular flow measurements

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

Analysis of the Influence of the Vortex Shedder Shape on the Metrological Properties of the Vortex Flow Meter

Analysis of the Influence of the Vortex Shedder Shape on the Metrological Properties of the Vortex Flow Meter

Optical Methods for River Monitoring: A Simulation-Based Approach to Explore Optimal Experimental Setup for LSPIV

Local Scale Displacement Fields in Grains–Structure Interactions Under Cyclic Loading: Experiments and Simulations

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