Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application: Perspective on Morphological Structure

Junoh, Hazlina; Jaafar, Juhana; Nordin, Nik Abdul Hadi Md; Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi; Rahman, Mukhlis A.; Aziz, Farhana; Yusof, Norazah

doi:10.3390/membranes10030034

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Of the various types of fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have received enormous attention, primarily due to the ease of manipulating and transporting methanol, a liquid substance that does not require special instrumentation or storage conditions. The other benefits of DMFCs include high energy density, high conversion efficiencies, negligible environmental impacts, and the ability to operate at low temperatures, the last of which significantly simplifies engineering problems [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Mesoporous Ni-Rich Ni-Pt Films for Highly Efficient Methanol Oxidation

et al. 2020

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The use of soft templates for the electrosynthesis of mesoporous materials has shown tremendous potential in energy and environmental domains. Among all the approaches that have been featured in the literature, block copolymer-templated electrodeposition had robustness and a simple method, but it practically cannot be used for the synthesis of mesoporous materials not based on Pt or Au. Nonetheless, extending and understanding the possibilities and limitations of block copolymer-templated electrodeposition to other materials and substrates is still challenging. Herein, a critical analysis of the role of the solution’s primary electroactive components and the applied potential were performed in order to understand their influences on the mesostructure of Ni-rich Ni-Pt mesoporous films. Among all the components, tetrahydrofuran and a platinum (IV) complex were shown to be crucial for the formation of a truly 3D mesoporous network. The electrosynthesized well-ordered mesoporous Ni-rich Ni-Pt deposits exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxidation in alkaline conditions, improved stability and durability after 1000 cycles, and minimal CO poisoning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Mesoporous Ni-Rich Ni-Pt Films for Highly Efficient Methanol Oxidation

et al. 2020

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“…3 Non-fluorinated polymers have a number of significant advantages over PEMFC for fuel cells, including high thermal stability, oxidation resistance, simple functionalization due to the addition of polar sites to their structure in the form of side groups, and low cost. 3,24 The most commonly used polymers for producing non-fluorinated PM are: polybenzimidazole (PBI), [25][26][27] poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPEEK), [28][29][30] poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PES), 30,31 polysulfone (PS), [28][29][30][31] poly(imide) (PI), 31 and other polymers. Polymer membranes can be modified with various inorganic fillers, such as inorganic oxides (oxides of silicon, titanium, cerium, or zirconium), 13,[32][33][34][35][36] boron nitride, 37,38 zeolites, 39 graphene oxide, 40,41 and other fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of new proton‐exchange membranes based on poly‐1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole doped with phenol‐2,4‐disulfonic acid

Лебедева

Pozhidaev

Raskulova

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole (PVT) was synthesized in isolated yield by free radical polymerization of 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole. The number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight of the synthesized PVT, determined by gel permeation chromatography, was 88 567 and 153 309 Da, respectively. PVT had a unimodal molecular weight distribution with a polydispersity coefficient of 1.7. Mixing PVT with phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid (PDSA) in the presence of a polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with oxalic acid produces proton exchange membranes having different PVT:PDSA ratios. The composition and structure of the membranes were established by elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). FT-IR and 15 N NMR studies have shown that the interaction of PVT with PDSA was accompanied by the formation of acid-base complexes due to proton transfer from PDSA to the triazole rings of PVT. Formation of acid-base complexes PVT-PDSA additionally stabilizes membranes and increases their thermal stability. The SEM study showed that the membrane surface was homogeneous. The properties of membranes, such as thermal and oxidative stability, ion-exchange capacity, proton conductivity, water uptake, and their mechanical properties, have been studied. The commercial membrane Nafion 212 was used as a comparison. The proton conductivity of membranes increases with an increase in the content of PDSA in their composition and for membranes 1-3 was 59.80, 7.30, 6.23 mS/cm, respectively. The activation energies for proton transfer across the membranes were 19.5, 21.6, and 38.2 kJ/mol for the membranes 1-3, respectively. Water uptake, ion-exchange capacity, and proton conductivity depend on the content of PDSA in the membrane. The membranes obtained were tested in a test cell of an ElectroChem hydrogen fuel cell (USA) at a temperature of 25 C with the supply of humidified hydrogen and air.

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“…Generally, MEAs consist of PEMs, catalytic layers and gas diffusion layers on both sides. Taking the direct methanol fuel cell (DEMFC) as an example, methanol reaches the anode catalytic layer through the gas diffusion layer, and the oxidation reaction takes place on the catalyst surface to generate electrons, protons and carbon dioxide (Jing et al, 2020 ; Junoh et al, 2020 ). Carbon dioxide is discharged through the anode outlet, and protons are transferred to the cathode catalyst layer through the PEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Organic Frameworks Modified Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have received considerable interest due to their low operating temperature and high energy conversion rate. However, their practical implement suffers from significant performance challenge. In particular, proton exchange membrane (PEM) as the core component of PEMFCs, have shown a strong correlation between its properties (e.g., proton conductivity, dimensional stability) and the performance of fuel cells. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as porous inorganic-organic hybrid materials have attracted extensive attention in gas storage, gas separation and reaction catalysis. Recently, the MOFs-modified PEMs have shown outstanding performance, which have great merit in commercial application. This manuscript presents an overview of the recent progress in the modification of PEMs with MOFs, with a special focus on the modification mechanism of MOFs on the properties of composite membranes. The characteristics of different types of MOFs in modified application were summarized.

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Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application: Perspective on Morphological Structure

Cited by 57 publications

References 91 publications

Electrodeposition of Mesoporous Ni-Rich Ni-Pt Films for Highly Efficient Methanol Oxidation

Electrodeposition of Mesoporous Ni-Rich Ni-Pt Films for Highly Efficient Methanol Oxidation

Synthesis and characterization of new proton‐exchange membranes based on poly‐1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole doped with phenol‐2,4‐disulfonic acid

Metal Organic Frameworks Modified Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

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