Performance of portfolios of climate smart agriculture practices in a rice-wheat system of western Indo-Gangetic plains

Kakraliya, Suresh K.; Jat, H.S.; Singh, Inderjit; Sapkota, Tek B.; Singh, Lakshman; Sutaliya, J.M.; Sharma, Parbodh Chander; Jat, Rajkumar; Choudhary, Madhu; López-Ridaura, Santiago; Jat, M.L.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2018.02.020

Cited by 72 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…2). A similar saving of about 15-20% in DSR was reported by Kakraliya et al 4 . The lower irrigation water use in rice under Sc2 and Sc3 was mainly due to avoidance of puddling which requires water equivalents to 3-4 irrigations and in combination with crop residues retention that probably minimized the evaporation loss from the soil surface.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Due to the lower production cost, higher net incomes were associated with CA-based scenarios and our results are in consistent with the findings of Jat et al 16,34 . Higher crop yields along with lower production costs in CA-based management practices resulted higher profitability compared with farmers' practice as reported by many researchers 4,11,23,34 in rice-wheat systems in IGP of India. Sustainable intensification of the CA-based MW system through mungbean integration provided the maximum net profit which was higher by USD 451 ha −1 compared to the CT-based scenario (Sc1) and was mainly due to additional income generated from mungbean.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In the IGP region, many studies have shown that growing rice without puddling (e.g. with DSR) has beneficial effects on the succeeding wheat crop by avoiding soil compaction 4,10,11 . CA-based management in cereal systems improved the soil physical and chemical properties [28][29][30]38 , and biological properties [24][25][26][27] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Designing profitable, resource use efficient and environmentally sound cereal based systems for the Western Indo-Gangetic plains

Jat

Kumar

Datta

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In the western Indo-Gangetic plains, issues of deterioration in soil, water, and environment quality coupled with low profitability jeopardize the sustainability of the dominant rice–wheat (RW) system. To address these issues, crop diversification and conservation agriculture (CA)-based management hold considerable promise but the adoption of both approaches has been low, and additional evidence generation from a multi-criteria productivity and sustainability perspective is likely required to help drive the change. Compared to prevailing farmers’ practice (FP), results suggest that CA-based rice management increased profitability by 13% and energy use efficiency (EUE) by 21% while reducing irrigation by 19% and global warming potential (GWP) by 28%. By substituting CA-based maize for rice, similar mean profitability gains were realized (16%) but transformative improvements in irrigation (− 84%), EUE (+ 231%), and GWP (− 95%) were observed compared to FP. Inclusion of mungbean in the rotation (i.e. maize-wheat-mungbean) with CA-based management increased the system productivity, profitability, and EUE by 11, 25 and 103%, respectively while decreasing irrigation water use by 64% and GWP by 106% compared to FP. Despite considerable benefits from the CA-based maize-wheat system, adoption of maize is not widespread due to uneven market demand and assured price guarantees for rice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Designing profitable, resource use efficient and environmentally sound cereal based systems for the Western Indo-Gangetic plains

Jat

Kumar

Datta

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Moreover, recycling of crop residues with viable in situ management practices in largely mechanized harvesting of intensive rice-wheat rotation is a must for soil's resilience and system sustainability (Lohan et al, 2018;Shyamsundar et al, 2019). Therefore, layering of these CSA practices in optimal combinations may help in adapting to climate risks and building resilience to climate variability and ensure food security (Aryal et al, 2016;Kakraliya et al, 2018;Jat et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore important to study the soil microbial community composition and to improve knowledge on its role in the agro-ecosystem. Under Intensive cereal-based systems of South Asia, several studies have been conducted to understand the effects of CSA practices on soil carbon pools (Jat et al, 2019a), soil quality (Jat et al, 2020), productivity and profitability (Kakraliya et al, 2018;Jat et al, 2019b) and their role in adaptation to climatic risks (Kakraliya et al, 2018) as well as GHG mitigation (Sapkota et al, 2019) but the studies on soil microbial structure and community changes and their role in building the resilience are limited under CSA practices. Effect of management practices on soil microbial populations has been studied for a long time but most of these studies were done by the methods of culturing, substrate utilization, and phospholipid fatty acid analysis (Doran, 1980;Parkinson and Coleman, 1991;Govaerts et al, 2008;Jangid et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topsoil Bacterial Community Changes and Nutrient Dynamics Under Cereal Based Climate-Smart Agri-Food Systems

et al. 2020

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Soil microorganisms play a critical role in soil biogeochemical processes, nutrient cycling, and resilience of agri-food systems and are immensely influenced by agronomic management practices. Understanding soil bacterial community and nutrient dynamics under contrasting management practices is of utmost importance for building climatesmart agri-food systems. Soil samples were collected at 0-15 cm soil depth from six management scenarios in long-term conservation agriculture (CA) and climatesmart agriculture (CSA) practices. These scenarios (Sc) involved; ScI-conventional tillage based rice-wheat rotation, ScII-partial CA based rice-wheat-mungbean, ScIII-partial CSA based rice-wheat-mungbean, ScIV is partial CSA based maize-wheat-mungbean, ScV and ScVI are CSA based scenarios, were similar to ScIII and ScIV respectively, layered with precision water & nutrient management. The sequencing of soil DNA results revealed that across the six scenarios, a total of forty bacterial phyla were observed, with Proteobacteria as dominant in all scenarios, followed by Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was 29% higher in ricebased CSA scenarios (ScIII and ScV) and 16% higher in maize-based CSA scenarios (ScIV and ScVI) compared to conventional-till practice (ScI). The relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria was respectively 29% and 91% higher in CT than CSA based rice and 27% and 110% higher than maize-based scenarios. Some taxa are present relatively in very low abundance or exclusively in some scenarios, but these might play important roles there. Three phyla are exclusively present in ScI and ScII i.e., Spirochaetes, Thermi, and Euryarchaeota. Shannon diversity index was 11% higher in CT compared to CSA scenarios. Maize based CSA scenarios recorded higher diversity indices than rice-based CSA scenarios. Similar to changes in soil bacterial community, the nutrient dynamics among the different scenarios also varied significantly. After nine years of continuous cropping, the soil organic carbon was improved by 111% and 31% in CSA and CA scenarios over the CT scenario. Similarly, the available

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Agricultural water management practices to improve the climate resilience of irrigated agriculture in India

Sikka

Alam

Mandave

2022

Irrigation and Drainage

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The projected implications of climate change for water and agriculture to meet diverse and competitive water demands requires smart water management solutions. Science-and evidence-based, agricultural water management (AWM) can significantly contribute to reduce unsustainable water use and help enhance water resilience and adaptation to climate change. This paper presents a brief overview of potential AWM practices focusing on enhancing water resilience, increasing yields, and wherever possible, reducing emissions. This is achieved via increased land and water use efficiency, water and energy savings, and improved water productivity with considerable scope to improve agricultural resilience. In this context, the prioritization of a location-specific portfolio of smart AWM practices to make the right investment decisions is very important. We present two distinct and complementary approaches to prioritize AWM practices in this paper: one follows stakeholder analysis to build a prioritized portfolio of climate-smart AWM practices and the other employs a simple water balance-based approach to prioritize interventions. The way forward in mainstreaming and scaling out context-specific climate-smart AWM interventions is also discussed with a focus on capacity building, water management extension services, and the mobilization of resources through the convergence of institutions and co-financing from relevant development schemes. K E Y W O R D Sagricultural water management, climate resilience, climate-smart agricultural water management practices, convergence, irrigation RésuméLes implications prévues du changement climatique pour l'eau et l'agriculture pour répondre à des demandes en eau diverses et compétitives nécessitent des solutions intelligentes de gestion de l'eau. La gestion de l'eau agricole, fondée sur des données scientifiques et factuelles, peut contribuer de manière significative à réduire l'utilisation non durable de l'eau et aider à renforcer la résilience de l'eau et l'adaptation au changement climatique. Ce document présente un bref aperçu des pratiques potentielles de gestion de l'eau agricole Article title in French: Pratiques de gestion de l'eau agricole pour améliorer la résilience climatique de l'agriculture irriguée en Inde

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Performance of portfolios of climate smart agriculture practices in a rice-wheat system of western Indo-Gangetic plains

Cited by 72 publications

References 53 publications

Designing profitable, resource use efficient and environmentally sound cereal based systems for the Western Indo-Gangetic plains

Designing profitable, resource use efficient and environmentally sound cereal based systems for the Western Indo-Gangetic plains

Topsoil Bacterial Community Changes and Nutrient Dynamics Under Cereal Based Climate-Smart Agri-Food Systems

Agricultural water management practices to improve the climate resilience of irrigated agriculture in India

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