Performance of Solanum phureja-derived bacterial-wilt resistant potato clones in a field naturally infested with Ralstonia solanacearum in Central Brazil

Abstract

Bacterial wilt (BW), or brown rot, caused by the soil and seed borne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the most devastating diseases of potatoes cultivated in warmer regions of the world. There are no potato cultivars with a desirable level of BW resistance, although it has been recognized that resistance can be an outstanding component for disease management. However, the sources of resistance available lack agronomic traits required by potato growers, therefore being of little interest to breeders. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of 11 clones selected for BW resistance and improved for tuber traits upon selection in the last two decades. The clones under test were compared with susceptible and resistant clones and cultivars, in a completely randomized blocks design with three replications of single lines of 10 plants, in a field naturally infested with race 1, biovar 1, phylotype II of R. solanacearum. BW incidence was assessed 60-70 days after planting and total tuber yield in each plot was recorded 110 days after planting. All the evaluated clones presented higher levels of resistance to BW compared with the commercial varieties, not differing from the resistant, not commercial, controls. In a next step, these clones will be characterized for other desirable traits and those which combine high level of resistance and commercial characteristics will be recommended for breeders for enriching the genotypic background in the search for commercial varieties. We also confirmed that the cultivar BRSIPR Bel displays an intermediate level of resistance, what makes it an interesting genitor for its good agronomic characteristics. The findings of this work demonstrate that the improved potato clones selected under tropical conditions in the Embrapa’s pre-breeding project possess high and stable levels of resistance to bacterial wilt, being a valuable resource for breeders.

Screening for Resistance Resources against Bacterial Wilt in Wild Potato

“…Presently, the foremost resource for countering bacterial wilt that has been identified and widely used is Solanum phureja Juz. and Bukasov [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Researchers have innovated resistant genetic materials through techniques like hybrid breeding and protoplast fusion.…”

Reacción de genotipos de papa “criolla” (Solanum tuberosum grupo phureja) al inoculo natural de Rhizoctonia solani Kühn

“…Existe gran variabilidad genética de papa criolla (S. tuberosum grupo phureja) de buena aceptación en el mercado, por presentar características deseables para la culinaria e industria así mismo este grupo presenta mayor cantidad de proteína en comparación al grupo tuberosum, también buenos contenidos Fe, Zn y antioxidantes como vitamina C y fenoles (Ñustez y Rodríguez, 2020). Por otra parte, se han encontrado materiales con tolerancia a diferentes enfermedades como: tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans) (Monteros y Delgado, 2021), virus del amarillamiento de venas (Torrance et al, 2020), marchitez bacteriana (Ralstonia solanacearum) (Lopes et al, 2021), sarna polvosa (Spongospora subterranea) (Lekota et al, 2019) y costra negra (Rhizoctonia solani) (Zhang et al, 2021). De ahí que estas características del grupo phureja constituyen el recurso genético para futuras investigaciones.…”