Performance of sweating thermal manikin.

Analysis of sweat evaporation from clothing materials by the ventilated sweat capsule method

“…In the ®eld of exercise physiology, in which physical work and sports are important areas, the in¯uence of clothing materials especially on evaporative heat dissipation and the consequences of wet clothing for thermal comfort have frequently been analysed (Minja et al 1995;Nakajima 1989, 1991;Morooka and Niwa 1979a;Endrusick 1990, 1992;Pandolf et al 1986;Sugai and Nakajima 1988). In addition to studies of human subjects, details of the complex relationships between heat production and heat dissipation, which depend on clothing and on a number of environmental factors, have been analysed in simulation experiments using manikins to modify heattransfer parameters in de®ned ways (Dozen et al 1989;Mihira and Hanada 1991;Tamura et al 1990;Tanabe 1995).…”

“…As a result of the multitude of variables, the assessment of the relationships between clothing materials and thermal comfort under dierent thermophysiological conditions has remained dicult. Although various conditions of evaporative heat exchange may be simulated by using thermal (sweat) manikins (Dozen et al 1989;Tamura et al 1990), it is still dicult for the arti®cial skin to exhibit the thermoregulatory responses of human subjects, such as vasoconstriction, vasodilatation and thermal sweating in changing environmental climates. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to clarify the eect of clothing materials on sweat evaporation in human subjects.…”