Performance of Three Point-of-care Urinalysis Test Devices for Drugs of Abuse and Therapeutic Drugs Applied in the Emergency Department

Cardiovascular consequences of cocaine use

“…The rate of self-report of illicit drug use is just over 50% in patients with a positive toxicology screen upon presentation to the emergency department with chief complaint of chest pain [67], suggesting that urine screening may be a valuable and under-utilized tool. Given that blood concentrations of cocaine and cocaine metabolites are not related to the severity of clinical findings or need for therapy [68], there may be considerable utility for point-of-care testing for rapid determination of positivity [69].…”

A novel immunoassay for quantitative drug abuse screening in serum

“…Comparing the results to other competitive immunoassays for substances like antibiotics (Huang et al, 2010;Jiang et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015), similar detection limits and CVs were obtained. In relation to one of the standard application of immunoassays for drug abuse (lateral flow assays) better detection limits and quantification could be reached (Attema-de Jonge et al, 2012;Taylor and Pizzo, 2004).…”

Presumptive cocaine toxicosis in 19 dogs: 2004–2012

“…12,41 This test is designed for use in people and to the authors' knowledge has not been validated for use in dogs. Urine multidrug tests have good sensitivity and specificity in people (typically 93-97%), 42,43 but results should be confirmed using gas chromatographymass spectrometry of urine or serum samples, which is the gold standard diagnostic test. 44 This is not typically offered for patients in our institution and was not performed for any of the dogs in this study.…”