2015
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00003315
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Performance of urine lipoarabinomannan assays for paediatric tuberculosis in Tanzania

Abstract: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of two tests based on the release of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) into the urine, the MTB-LAM-ELISA assay and the Determine TB-LAM-strip assay, in children with suspected tuberculosis (TB) in a high TB/HIV-prevalence setting.In a prospective study, 132 children with suspected active TB were assigned to diagnostic subgroups. Urine samples were subjected to testing by both assays to ascertain sensitivity and specificity. Host factors associated with positive LAM results were in… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(34 citation statements)
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“…Further studies are required to identify biomarkers of active TB that are reliable in severely-malnourished, HIV-infected children. 23 In the regression model, sputum sampling was associated with a diagnosis of TB when compared with gastric aspirates, which is consistent with previous studies showing superior sensitivity of sputum sampling. 24 Some of the other associations that we identified require a nuanced interpretation.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…Further studies are required to identify biomarkers of active TB that are reliable in severely-malnourished, HIV-infected children. 23 In the regression model, sputum sampling was associated with a diagnosis of TB when compared with gastric aspirates, which is consistent with previous studies showing superior sensitivity of sputum sampling. 24 Some of the other associations that we identified require a nuanced interpretation.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The LAM test is simple to perform at the bedside and collection of urine is simple and poses minimal biohazard; all attractive features in settings with overburdened TB laboratories. Urine based diagnosis further holds a potential to improve TB diagnosis in children with one study of LAM test showing reasonable sensitivity in HIV-positive TB infected children [ 43 ]. A number of other biomarkers have been detected at increased levels in the urine from patients with active TB [ 44 , 45 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…16,38,41 Urine tests for mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan by both ELISA and lateral flow were reported to be sensitive in adults with advanced HIV disease, but had low sensitivity and specificity in children. 42,43 …”
Section: Review and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%