Performance on the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test Is Significantly Related to Nonverbal IQ

Cranwell, Matthew B.; Pearce, Bradley; Loveridge, Camilla; Hurlbert, Anya

doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16094

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although a previous study has shown a significant positive correlation between performance in the FM100 and nonverbal IQ in young adults with ASD (Cranwell et al, 2015), color vision losses found in the present work cannot be explained by cognitive deficit, since there was no correlation between IQs and color discrimination thresholds. All participants had average or superior IQ scores.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…In a previous study, non-verbal IQ was found to be associated to the performance on the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test (Cranwell et al, 2015). However, in the present experiment, the color vision defects do not appear to be related to intelligence scores, since correlation analysis showed no statistical association between color vision thresholds and estimated IQs nor Vocabulary and Block Design scaled scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In this situation, the autistic group still had higher thresholds in color discrimination, but did not differ from controls in the luminance task (Franklin et al, 2010). Another study found children and adolescents with ASD (7–15 years) had significantly higher total error scores in the FM100 when compared to typically developing children aged 8–9 years (Cranwell et al, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Color Vision Losses in Autism Spectrum Disorders

et al. 2017

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by impairments in social/communication abilities and restricted behaviors. The present study aims to examine color vision discrimination in ASD children and adolescents without intellectual disability. The participants were also subdivided in order to compare color vision thresholds of autistic participants and those who achieved diagnostic criteria for Asperger Syndrome (AS). Nine subjects with autism, 11 participants with AS and 36 typically developing children and adolescents participated in the study. Color vision was assessed by the Cambridge Color Test (CCT). The Trivector protocol was administered to determine color discrimination thresholds along the protan, deutan, and tritan color confusion lines. Data from ASD participants were compared to tolerance limits for 90% of the population with 90% probability obtained from controls thresholds. Of the 20 ASD individuals examined, 6 (30%) showed color vision losses. Elevated color discrimination thresholds were found in 3/9 participants with autism and in 3/11 AS participants. Diffuse and tritan deficits were found. Mechanisms for chromatic losses may be either at the retinal level and/or reflect reduced cortical integration.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Color Vision Losses in Autism Spectrum Disorders

et al. 2017

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“…Discrimination tests must be designed with care. Some discrimination tests have been found to require certain cognitive skills to perform the test (Cranwell, Pearce, Loveridge, & Hurlbert, 2015;Dain & Ling, 2009) or may have a theoretical bias towards tritan errors (Dain, 2004;Lakowski, 1969;Melamud, Hagstrom, & Traboulsi, 2004). Moreover, these tests require trained clinician administration and instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative values for a tablet computer-based application to assess chromatic contrast sensitivity

et al. 2017

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Tablet computer displays are amenable for the development of vision tests in a portable form. Assessing color vision using an easily accessible and portable test may help in the self-monitoring of vision-related changes in ocular/ systemic conditions and assist in the early detection of disease processes. Tablet computer-based games were developed with different levels of gamification as a more portable option to assess chromatic contrast sensitivity. Game 1 was designed as a clinical version with no gaming elements. Game 2 was a gamified version of game 1 (added fun elements: feedback, scores, and sounds) and game 3 was a complete game with vision task nested within. The current study aimed to determine the normative values and evaluate repeatability of the tablet computer-based games in comparison with an established test, the Cambridge Colour Test (CCT) Trivector test. Normally sighted individuals [N = 100, median (range) age 19.0 years (18-56 years)] had their chromatic contrast sensitivity evaluated binocularly using the three games and the CCT. Games 1 and 2 and the CCT showed similar absolute thresholds and tolerance intervals, and game 3 had significantly lower values than games 1, 2, and the CCT, due to visual task differences. With the exception of game 3 for blue-yellow, the CCT and tablet computer-based games showed similar repeatability with comparable 95% limits of agreement. The custom-designed games are portable, rapid, and may find application in routine clinical practice, especially for testing younger populations.

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“…Typically colour sensitivity increases until 19-26 years of age and gradual impairment of chromatic sensitivity is observed after 26 years of age (Knoblauch et al, 2001;Paramei and Oakley, 2014;Barbur and RodriguezCarmona, 2015). Differences in chromatic sensitivity might be attributed to lack of maturity of the visual system in children and adolescents, and chromatic discrimination depends on the test design and nonverbal IQ (Kinnear and Sahraie, 2002;Cranwell et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Chromatic Sensitivity Estimated Using Static and Dynamic Colour Stimuli

Trukša

Jurasevska

Livzāne

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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The current study reports on a novel computerised colour vision test employing static and dynamic stimuli. The aim of the study was to assess if static and dynamic stimuli result in comparable chromatic discrimination thresholds when participant’s age is taken into account. Participants (n = 20) were 21 to 77 years old, had normal colour vision and no history of any eye disease. They all participated in two sessions estimating chromatic sensitivity with static and dynamic stimuli, respectively, with six directions in colour space varying either along the red-green (RG) or yellow- blue (YB) directions. We found no significant differences in chromatic thresholds along a tritan axis obtained with static and dynamic stimuli. However, along protan and deitan axes, chromatic thresholds were lower if estimated using static stimuli than those estimated using the dynamic stimuli. As anticipated, chromatic sensitivity decreased with age and with greater chromatic sensitivity loss along the tritan confusion line. Research results suggest that differences between chromatic thresholds measured with static and dynamic stimuli become more apparent with increasing age of study participant.

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Performance on the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test Is Significantly Related to Nonverbal IQ

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Color Vision Losses in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Color Vision Losses in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Normative values for a tablet computer-based application to assess chromatic contrast sensitivity

Differences in Chromatic Sensitivity Estimated Using Static and Dynamic Colour Stimuli

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