Performance optimization of coagulation/flocculation in the treatment of wastewater from a polyvinyl chloride plant

AlMubaddal, F.; Al-Rumaihi, Khalid; Ajbar, Abdelhamid

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.121

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1][2][3] The conventional wastewater treatment applied for the degradation of these pollutants led to the transfer of one form of pollutant to another form, which are more toxic than that of the parent molecule. [4][5][6] Taking into account of the above problems, there is a need to develop a method that could signicantly degrade the pollutants present in wastewater. In this regard, the use of semiconductor based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has achieved signicant acceptance owing to their potential applicability to mineralize organic pollutants in aqueous suspensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative photocatalytic activity of sol–gel derived rare earth metal (La, Nd, Sm and Dy)-doped ZnO photocatalysts for degradation of dyes

et al. 2018

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Rare earth metal doping into semiconductor oxides is considered to be an effective approach to enhance photocatalytic activity due to its ability to retard the electron-hole pair recombination upon excitation.Herein, we report the synthesis of different rare earth metal (La, Nd, Sm and Dy)-doped ZnO nanoparticles using a facile sol-gel route followed by evaluation of their photocatalytic activity by studying the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) under UV-light irradiation.Different standard analytical techniques were employed to investigate the microscopic structure and physiochemical properties of the prepared samples. The formation of the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO was established by XRD and TEM analyses. In addition, the incorporation of rare earth metal into ZnO is confirmed by the shift of XRD planes towards lower theta values. All metal doped ZnO showed improved photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of MB, of which, Nd-doped ZnO showed the best activity with 98% degradation efficiency. In addition, mineralization of the dye was also observed, indicating 68% TOC removal in 180 min with Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The influence of different operational parameters on the photodegradation of MB was also investigated and discussed in detail.Additionally, a possible photocatalytic mechanism for degradation of MB over Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles has been proposed and involvement of hydroxyl radicals as reactive species is elucidated by radical trapping experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative photocatalytic activity of sol–gel derived rare earth metal (La, Nd, Sm and Dy)-doped ZnO photocatalysts for degradation of dyes

et al. 2018

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“…The mechanisms involved in the coagulation-flocculation of suspended matter and colloids include charge neutralization (Bolto and Gregory, 2007), bridging (Bolto, 1995) and electrostatic patch (Gregory, 1973). Despite extensive knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the interactions between chitosan and dissolved or suspended matter, it is generally difficult to predict optimum operational parameters, and in most cases a preliminary experimental study is required in order to verify the stoichiometry that may exist between chitosan and dye molecules (Al Mubaddal et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of an anionic dye (Acid Blue 92) by coagulation–flocculation using chitosan

Szygula

Guibal

Palacín

et al. 2009

Journal of Environmental Management

251

118

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“…Removal of phosphate from wastewaters has been conducted by physical, chemical, and biological methods [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, physical methods for wastewater treatment are generally too expensive or inefficient for phosphate removal [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, biological methods, while inexpensive, usually do not have removal efficiencies exceeding 30%; therefore, the remaining phosphate must be removed by other techniques [8,9]. Chemical removal techniques are widely accepted methods of phosphate removal, especially the coagulation process [10][11][12][13]. Phosphate can be purified from wastewater during the coagulation process by two steps, (1) adsorption by coagulants such as iron or aluminum salts, which occurs in a very short time, and (2) separation of coagulants with phosphate from wastewater by the coagulation and coprecipitation processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventionally, step (2) is conducted via sedimentation, filtration or centrifugation. These separation systems either require a long retention time or have low phosphate removal efficiency [11,12]. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop more effective and simpler treatment methods to replace the traditional methods used in step (2) so that the phosphate treatment capacity can be increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of phosphate from wastewater by using open gradient superconducting magnetic separation as pretreatment for high gradient superconducting magnetic separation

Zhao

et al. 2012

Separation and Purification Technology

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a b s t r a c tThe removal of phosphate from wastewater using a combination of open gradient superconducting magnetic separation (OGMS) and high gradient superconducting magnetic separation (HGMS) was investigated. The magnetic seeding material used was Fe 3 O 4 , and a novel composite inorganic coagulant was added to combine the phosphate with the magnetic seed. The important parameters that influenced the removal efficiency of phosphate in OGMS or HGMS, slow mixing time, magnetic seeding dosage, coagulant dosage, hydraulic retention time, magnetic field strength and flow rate, were systematically investigated. The performance of the OGMS-HGMS process was evaluated by treating synthetic phosphate wastewater. The results showed that all of the investigated parameters except for slow mixing time had a significant effect on phosphate removal. The phosphate concentration was reduced from 0.50 to 0.01 mg/L under the following optimal reaction conditions: coagulant dosage, 50 mg/L; Fe 3 O 4 , 100 mg/L; magnet working current, 160 A; hydraulic retention time in OGMS, 0.5 min; and flow rate in HGMS, 2 L/min. Overall, the use of OGMS as a pretreatment for HGMS was shown to be a good method of increasing phosphate removal efficiency while simultaneously increasing the flow rate of HGMS.

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Performance optimization of coagulation/flocculation in the treatment of wastewater from a polyvinyl chloride plant

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Comparative photocatalytic activity of sol–gel derived rare earth metal (La, Nd, Sm and Dy)-doped ZnO photocatalysts for degradation of dyes

Comparative photocatalytic activity of sol–gel derived rare earth metal (La, Nd, Sm and Dy)-doped ZnO photocatalysts for degradation of dyes

Removal of an anionic dye (Acid Blue 92) by coagulation–flocculation using chitosan

Removal of phosphate from wastewater by using open gradient superconducting magnetic separation as pretreatment for high gradient superconducting magnetic separation

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