2000) Maple direct write: A new approach to fabricate ferroelectric thin film devices in air at room temperature, MAPLE Direct Write or MAPLE DW is a new direct writing technique which combines some of the major positive advantages of laser induced forward transfer and matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE). This novel laser driven direct writing technique has demonstrated the deposition of metal, ceramic, and polymer materials in air and at room temperature and with sub-10 micron resolution for active and passive prototype circuit elements on planar and nonplanar substrates. Here, we have used MAPLE DW to synthesize ferroelectric devices for tunable microwave device applications. For ferroelectrics and the other functional materials, MAPLE DW can be used to investigate directly the properties of powder materials as a function of grain size, doping, and processing technique. The best properties obtained for Bag,5Sro,5Ti03 and BaTi03 films were dielectric constants of 40, with loss tangents of about 0.025 with -1% tuning.
INTRODUCTIONThe use of electronic systems has increased by orders of magnitude in the last ten years. However, the demand for faster and smaller products has placed an enormous emphasis on miniaturization and increased hctionality. In order to fabricate electronic assemblies with reduced weight, volume, cost, and time, new materials and / or methods to process them must be developed.Until now limited progress in this area has been achieved with surface mounted electronic components. This process is based on an old technology that relies on a three-fold strategy of first designing, then patterning, and finally mounting each of the system components on a circuit board. Modifications of device performance require a time consuming iteration of the above steps. Rapid prototyping provides a solution to these time consuming problems. With rapid prototyping processes, it is possible to direct write elements and components onto any surface called for in the circuit design, essentially eliminating the above steps and time constraints. Furthermore, the fact that these techniques are compatible with current computer software for integrated design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) is an added advantage.By utilizing the positive advantages of laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) and matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE), a novel laser driven direct write technique has been developed. This technique is termed MAPLE Direct Write (MAPLE-DW). In this paper, we will outline the approach to the MAPLE-DW process along with its advantages. We will show experimental results for ferroelectric single layer capacitors, electronic multi-layer devices, conducting lines, resistors, and in-sifu laser annealing. Discussion of device properties will be limited to the area of ferroelectric materials and devices.