Performance Studies of Position-Sensitive Capacitive Frisch-Grid TlBr Detectors

Smith, Mark; Bolotnikov, A. E.; Brown, Conner; Carini, G.; Christian, James F.; Cirignano, L.; Dellapenna, A.; Deptuch, G.; Fried, J.; Herrmann, Sven; Kargar, Alireza; Kim, H.; Pinaroli, G.; Koslowsky, M. R.; Miller, Alexander L.; Squillante, M.R.; Valente, A.J.; Weststrate, E.; Shah, K.S.

doi:10.1109/nss/mic42677.2020.9508036

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…20 The electromigration of halide ions in halide semiconductors has been previously observed and extensively studied in semiconductors such as TlBr, where electromigration of Br − ions and their subsequent chemical reaction with the contact metal result in rapid performance deterioration of the detector and its failure. 16,21 The observed polarization effects in CsPbBr 3 semiconductors are different. Here, both the Cs + and Br − ions are mobile and appear to contribute to the polarization effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Of these, TlBr has been under development for a relatively long time and has recently emerged as a strong potential replacement for high-ER CZT detectors. 3 CsPbBr 3 and other perovskite semiconductors, on the other hand, are rapidly emerging as strong competitors to TlBr and CZT, both in terms of innate properties and potentially lower production cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cesium lead bromide semiconductor radiation detectors: crystal growth, detector performance and polarization

et al. 2022

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesium lead bromide semiconductor radiation detectors: crystal growth, detector performance and polarization

et al. 2022

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“…Additional correction algorithms [11] can be applied to remove geometrical distortions introduced by the centroid method and to improve the spatial resolution. As a reference, figure 2 reports the typical induced current signals from a TIBr crystal (5 × 5 × 12 mm 3 ) electrodes (anode, cathode and pads), while exposed to an uncollimated 137 Cs radioactive source and biased at −1.5 kV [12,13]. Figure 3 shows the reconstructed map of the interaction sites along the crystal orthogonal plane.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multi-channel front-end ASIC for a 3D position-sensitive detector

et al. 2022

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Arrays of 3D position-sensitive detectors (3DPSD), operating at room temperature and using cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) and thallium bromide (TIBr) sensors, are suitable for gamma-ray spectrometry in many applications. One detector configuration, the 3D position-sensitive Virtual Frisch-Grid detector (VFG), is particularly advantageous for integrating into large area arrays. The signals generated inside each detector of the array are captured with the anode, cathode and four pads that enable the reconstruction of the position and energy of the ionizing interaction by measurements of amplitude and timing of the signals. For these applications, a low-noise front-end ASIC has been developed, capable of processing bipolar signals (needed because of AC-coupling of certain electrodes). The ASIC can be coupled to an ADC in order to form a compound “waveform digitizer” capable of post-processing the analog signals and determining amplitude and timing information. This paper describes a 32-channel front-end ASIC that is suitable for reading out a 3 × 3 or 4 × 4 element matrix in the VFG configuration. Each channel is composed of a low-noise charge amplifier with an adaptive continuous reset feedback circuit suitable for both positive and negative charge, a first order shaper and a single-to-differential converter output stage. Voltage and current references are all internally generated by 10-bit DACs and the chip is fully controllable with the I2C communication protocol. The readout channel response has been verified using the implemented injection circuit. Linear behavior up to ∼75 ke± with the gain of ∼80 mV/fC, and up to ∼200 ke± with the gain of ∼30 mV/fC was demonstrated. In conclusion, the first test result waveforms using a 137Cs radioactive source on a 5 × 5 × 12 mm3 TIBr crystal are reported.

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