Performance study of supplying cooling load and output power combined cycle using the cold energy of the small scale LNG

Ning, Jinghong; Sun, Zhili; Dong, Qiang; Liu, Xinghua

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.01.094

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is, therefore, intuitive to continue to harness the remaining cold energy to supply cooling effects. Ning et al [74] proposed a CCP system to utilize the cold energy from the LNG regasification process. The system continued to recover the LNG cold energy after the Rankine cycle and direct expansion unit for air conditioning.…”

Section: Combined Cooling and Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review

2022

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Background With the increasing concerns on the energy shortage and carbon emission issues worldwide, sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes is consistently attracting extensive attention. Nowadays, a significant amount of usable thermal energy is wasted and not recovered worldwide every year. Meanwhile, discharging the wasted thermal energy often causes environmental hazards. Significant social and ecological impacts will be achieved if waste thermal energy can be effectively harnessed and reused. Hence, this study aims to provide a comprehensive review on the sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes, contributing to achieving energy security, environmental sustainability, and a low-carbon future. Main text To better understand the development of waste thermal energy utilization, this paper reviews the sustainable thermal energy sources and current waste energy recovery technologies, considering both waste heat and cold energy. The main waste heat sources are prime movers, renewable heat energy, and various industrial activities. Different waste heat recovery technologies to produce electricity, heating, and cooling are analyzed based on the types and temperatures of the waste heat sources. The typical purposes for waste heat energy utilization are power generation, spacing cooling, domestic heating, dehumidification, and heat storage. In addition, the performance of different waste heat recovery systems in multigeneration systems is introduced. The cold energy from the liquified natural gas (LNG) regasification process is one of the main waste cold sources. The popular LNG cold energy recovery strategies are power generation, combined cooling and power, air separation, cryogenic CO2 capture, and cold warehouse. Furthermore, the existing challenges on the waste thermal energy utilization technologies are analyzed. Finally, potential prospects are discussed to provide greater insights for future works on waste thermal energy utilization. Conclusions Novel heat utilization materials and advanced heat recovery cycles are the key factors for the development of waste high-temperature energy utilization. Integrated systems with multiply products show significant application potential in waste thermal energy recovery. In addition, thermal energy storage and transportation are essential for the utilization of harnessed waste heat energy. In contrast, the low recovery rate, low utilization efficiency, and inadequate assessment are the main obstacles for the waste cold energy recovery systems.

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Section: Combined Cooling and Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review

2022

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“…Power generation from LNG cold energy can be achieved through two primary means: power cycles and thermoelectric generators. Power cycles encompass various techniques such as direct expansion [10], organic Rankine cycle [11], and combined cycle [12]. Power cycles offer a wide range of applications, characterized by their high thermal efficiency and substantial power generation capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Optimization of Annular Thermoelectric Module Applied to Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Energy Recovery

Zhao,

Diao,

et al. 2023

Processes

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The gasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is characterized by a substantial release of cold energy, which can be utilized for power generation via thermoelectric generator (TEG). Employing a gasifier integrated with a thermoelectric generator for LNG gasification allows for the recovery of cold energy and its conversion to useful power, a process that holds significant potential for widespread application. In the study, a thermoelectric model has been developed for an annular thermoelectric module, which formed a new category of gasifier tube. The influence of the module’s structure as well as the heat transfer parameters on the thermoelectric performance was examined. The results revealed that an optimum height of the thermoelectric leg, specifically 2 mm, maximized the output power while allowing the thermoelectric conversion efficiency to reach a peak of 3.25%. Another noteworthy finding is that an increase in the central angle of the thermoelectric leg leads to a concomitant rise in output power but a decrease in conversion efficiency. Furthermore, when the heat transfer coefficients at the hot and cold ends of the module achieved 4000 W/(m2·K) and 10,000 W/(m2·K), respectively, the conversion efficiency can be elevated to 6.98%. However, any additional enhancement in power generation performance derived from further augmenting the heat transfer is marginal. These findings can serve as a valuable reference in the design and optimization of TEG intended for the recovery of cold energy from LNG.

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“…Bao et al proposed a system to finish the integration of the cold energy of LNG and the power generation in the natural gas combined cycle power plant. Ning et al . proposed a combined cycle of cooling load and output power to utilize the cold energy and pressure energy of natural gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bao et al 37 proposed a system to finish the integration of the cold energy of LNG and the power generation in the natural gas combined cycle power plant. Ning et al 38 proposed a combined cycle of cooling load and output power to utilize the cold energy and pressure energy of natural gas. However, most of them do not fully integrate all of the above elements and especially there is less focus on the energy distribution over the long distance between sources and sinks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Retrofit Design of Natural Gas Power Plants for Low-Grade Energy Recovery

Tang

Chen

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Large amounts of low-grade energy in natural gas power plants are not being efficiently recovered or used. They are often emitted directly to the environment. It is quite challenging to retrofit natural gas power plants for the integration of low-grade energy recovery and further optimize power generation, production and supply of hot and cold energy, and pipeline networks for cold energy distribution as a total site. In this study, we present a process superstructure for the sustainable retrofit of natural gas power plants to recover low-grade energy and deliver it to different users. The waste energy sources include cold energy from liquefied natural gas, pressure energy from pipeline natural gas streams, and lowgrade heat from low-pressure steam in power plants. A mixed integer nonlinear programming framework is formulated to optimize the process structure to minimize the total annual cost and maximize the exergy efficiency to obtain the best sustainable retrofit process for low-grade energy recovery. The optimization framework includes models of the existing gas turbines and boilers and the new pipeline network and refrigeration system. The mathematical framework is applied to a real industrial example, and the power consumption for cold energy production is significantly reduced by 32%. The ratio of different energy sources and the distance of cold energy distribution are investigated, and different optimization results are analyzed. Finally, exergy analysis is suggested to evaluate the sustainability of the retrofit. According to the results of the exergy analysis, the total exergy efficiency under the minimum total annual cost is increased by 6.172%.

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Performance study of supplying cooling load and output power combined cycle using the cold energy of the small scale LNG

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review

Sustainable energy recovery from thermal processes: a review

Structural Optimization of Annular Thermoelectric Module Applied to Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Energy Recovery

Sustainable Retrofit Design of Natural Gas Power Plants for Low-Grade Energy Recovery

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