Performic Acid Controls Better Clostridium tyrobutyricum Related Bacteria than Peracetic Acid

Abstract

Clostridia are anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, which degrade carbohydrates to butyric acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other compounds. These bacteria are commonly found in feces of ruminants, from where they can enter to udders and milk via manure or fodder. This study was done to find a sustainable sanitation method to control the resistant clostridial spores as they are difficult to control in the food processing industry. Clostridia spoil cheeses and other dairy products, and thereby increase the carbon footprint of products and cause economical losses in the dairy industry. The efficacy of two organic peroxides; peracetic acid (PAA) and performic acid (PFA) was tested against 30 clostridia strains isolated from cattle slurry, silage, or spoiled cheeses. PAA, at a concentration of 220 mg L −1 , only eliminated 6/30 clostridia strains, whereas PFA totally eliminated 26/30 clostridia strains at a concentration of 120 mg L −1 . PFA therefore seems to be a more potent disinfectant than the more commonly used PAA. PFA is an effective disinfectant against Clostridium tyrobutyricum and other resistant clostridia at 120 mg L −1 for 5-10 min contact time at room temperature.

Performic Acid Disinfection of Municipal Secondary Effluent Wastewater: Inactivation of Murine Norovirus, Fecal Coliforms, and Enterococci

“…Soon after its synthesis, PFA demonstrated oxidation and later antimicrobial properties . PFA was first used as an oxidant in industrial applications for the oxidation of amino acids and the esterification process of alcohol, aromatic ketone, and palm olein. − Its antimicrobial properties have successfully been applied in the meat and dairy industry to inactivate several E. coli strains and other pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Salmonella ) and spores. − Recently, the disinfection properties of PFA were assessed in primary and secondary wastewater effluents as well as in combined sewer overflows (CSO). ,− Generally, PFA showed greater microbial inactivation properties than other organic peracids (i.e., peracetic acid (PAA) and perpropionic acid) against fecal indicator bacteria (i.e., E. coli , fecal coliforms and enterococci) in water and wastewater. ,,− Importantly, no genotoxic or mutagenic substances were detected in PFA-disinfected wastewater in a full-scale municipal study . Typically, low PFA concentrations are required for sufficient disinfection of wastewater, and its decomposition entails in small residual concentrations of formic acid, water and simpler products with low toxicity and low impact on the receiving water body. ,, This study describes the inactivation of viral and bacterial microorganisms by PFA compared to PAA in wastewater.…”

Sanitizing efficacy and antimicrobial mechanism of peracetic acid against histamine-producing bacterium, Morganella psychrotolerans

“…Peracetic acid (PAA) is a well-known sanitizer generally used for processing water, fruits, and vegetables (Leggett et al, 2016;Ho, Luzuriaga, Rodde, Tang, & Phan, 2011;Hilgren & Salverda, 2000;Lambert, Johnston, & Simons, 1999;Rudd & Hopkinson, 1989). PAA by-products are safer than those produced during SH treatment (Mora, Veijalainen, & Heinonen-Tanski, 2018;Dell'Erba, Falsanisi, Liberti, Notarnicola, & Santoro, 2007). An earlier report shown that 15 ppm PAA treatment resulted in the elimination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus cultured in Luria-Bertani-3 % NaCl culture broth (Wong, Liao, Hsu, & Tang, 2018).…”

Bioaugmentation with an aerobic denitrifying bacterium with quorum quenching activity for improved nitrogen removal and reduced membrane fouling in anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor

“…WZL728 belonging to Gammaproteobacteria . Clostridia belonging to Firmicutes was able to hydrolyze PS 20 and its abundance increased by 5.48% in EMBRB. This was consistent with the relatively low PS content of EPS in EMBRB and was beneficial to mitigate membrane biofouling in EMBR.…”