Peri‐implant diseases: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology

Abstract

Issues related to peri-implant disease were discussed. It was observed that the most common lesions that occur, i.e. peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are caused by bacteria. While the lesion of peri-implant mucositis resides in the soft tissues, periimplantitis also affects the supporting bone. Peri-implant mucositis occurs in about 80% of subjects (50% of sites) restored with implants, and peri-implantitis in between 28% and 56% of subjects (12-40% of sites). A number of risk indicators were identified including (i) poor oral hygiene, (ii) a history of periodontitis, (iii) diabetes and (iv) smoking. It was concluded that the treatment of peri-implant disease must include anti-infective measures. With respect to peri-implant mucositis, it appeared that non-surgical mechanical therapy caused the reduction in inflammation (bleeding on probing) but also that the adjunctive use of antimicrobial mouthrinses had a positive effect. It was agreed that the outcome of non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis was unpredictable. The primary objective of surgical treatment in peri-implantitis is to get access to the implant surface for debridement and decontamination in order to achieve resolution of the inflammatory lesion. There was limited evidence that such treatment with the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics could resolve a number of periimplantitis lesions. There was no evidence that so-called regenerative procedures had additional beneficial effects on treatment outcome.

How do peri‐implant biologic parameters correspond with implant survival and peri‐implantitis? A critical review

“…In the 7th European Workshop, it was diagnosed as bleeding on gentle probing (Lang, Berglundh, & Working Group 4 of Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology, 2011). Peri‐implantitis is defined as inflammation of the soft tissues in combination with ongoing loss of the supporting peri‐implant bone beyond the physiological bone adaptation (Lindhe, Meyle, & Group D of European Workshop on Periodontology, 2008). The latter takes place as a consequence of biologic width establishment during initial healing.…”

Prosthodontic complications associated with implant retained crowns and bridgework: a review of the literature

“…10 Peri-implant mucositis may affect up to 50% of implants and is characterised by bleeding on probing. 11 Peri-implant mucositis usually resolves with improved homecare, antiseptic mouthwash and careful mechanical cleaning. 11,12 A lack of keratinised mucosa may impair oral hygiene procedures and increase the incidence of peri-implant mucositis.…”

“…10,14 Peri-implantitis is characterised by marginal bone loss and may be associated with bleeding on probing, suppuration, pocket formation and mucosal recession. 11 Marginal bone loss during the first year of function is attributed to remodelling and peri-implantitis cannot be diagnosed until after this time. 10 It has been suggested that peri-implantitis may be diagnosed when the bone adjacent to ≥3 threads of an implant is lost after one year in function.…”

The perceived prognosis of endodontic treatment and implant therapy among dental practitioners

“…This can cause a need for bone augmentation for the new future implant. 38 In contrast to a failed endodontic treatment, this can be retreated and surgically treated without any damages to the future treatment. 39 The chance of having a tooth extracted after failure from initial treatment, retreatment and apical surgery is only 1in 500 cases.…”