Peri-parturient rise in faecal strongyle egg counts of different genotypes of sheep in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Romjali, E.; Dorny, Pierre; Batubara, Aron; Pandey, V. S.; Gatenby, R. M.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(96)01008-4

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…On the other hand, the highest FEC were recorded from December 2004 to May 2005 (the dry season) due to peripartum, so these results were similar to those obtained by Martínez-González et al (1998) and confirmed the increase as reported by Chroust (1997), Romjali et al (1997) and Chartier et al (1998). GIN egg excretion varied greatly during the peripartum period, and epg shedding in pregnant ewes was greater when compared with that of ewes without lambs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Gastrointestinal nematodes in rotationally grazing ewes in the mountainous region of central Mexico

et al. 2012

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The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of egg shedding (percentage of egg-positive faecal samples) and faecal egg counts (FEC) over 13 months in two different breeds of ewes, both pregnant and non-pregnant, in a mountainous region of central Mexico. Additionally, the effect of ivermectin and albendazole treatments on FEC reduction was recorded. The study also aimed to relate temperature and rainfall to FEC. The gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) third-stage larvae genera recovered from both faeces and grassland pastures in a temperate region were also assessed. Faecal samples were collected from ewes at monthly intervals for 13 months to investigate the FEC population of GIN larvae, their concentration and genera in grass samples collected from grazed and rested pastures. Egg-shedding frequency ranged from 0 to 92% and FEC from 0 to 12,000 eggs per g faeces (epg), with counts in Suffolk higher than in Dorset ewes. The identified genera were Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Teladorsagia, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum, Bunostomum, Nematodirus and Strongyloides. Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus were the most common genera. The number of L3 was higher in grazing lands than in those at rest. The highest FEC were recorded in the dry season due to peripartum, but the highest L3 counts were recorded in the rainy season. The coexistence of species of different geographical distributions at this site may be because there is a confluence of Nearctic and Neotropical geographic regions; thus, despite the temperate climate, tropical species can be found. Additionally, this study suggests that increasing temperatures could favour the presence of different tropical GIN species together with typical temperate-zone GIN species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Gastrointestinal nematodes in rotationally grazing ewes in the mountainous region of central Mexico

et al. 2012

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“…The highest rise in FEC occurred when lambing coincided with the end of the dry season during September and October 2001, and the lowest rise occurred during November and December 2000 when lambing coincided with the wet season. The occurrence of PPR in the study area during both the wet and dry seasons and reports from other parts of the tropics (Agyei et al, 1991;Romjali et al, 1997;Tembely et al, 1998) indicates that the PPR plays an important role in the epidemiology of trichostrongylid infection in sheep in the region. When maturation of hypobiotic larvae coincides with host lactation, the accompanying immunosuppression provides an enhanced opportunity for the development of the worms (Connan, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, its occurrence and its impact on sheep production in this region is not clear. Whereas ewes lambing during the wet season had high PPR (Agyei et al, 1991;Romjali et al, 1997;Tembely et al, 1998), those lambing in mid-dry season had none (Schillhorn van Veen and Ogunsusi, 1978). In Kenya where lambing occurs in the dry season as well as the wet seasons, reports on PPR exist only for the high-rainfall area (Wanyangu et al, 1997;Baker et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The effect of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of periparturient rise in trichostronglyid nematode egg output in Dorper ewes in a semi-arid area of Kajiado District of Kenya

Ng'ang'a

Kanyari

Maingi

et al. 2006

Trop Anim Health Prod

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An investigation was carried out to assess the effects of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of the periparturient rise (PPR) in trichostrongylid nematode egg output in breeding Dorper ewes. The study was conducted over three breeding seasons on a ranch in the semi-arid area of Kajiado District in Kenya between June 1999 and December 2001. During each breeding season 20 ewes randomly selected from the breeding stock and 20 others selected from the unmated yearlings were monitored for faecal strongyle egg counts every 3 weeks. The lambing seasons were timed to coincide with the onset of the short rains (October-November 1999), the mid-short rains (November-December 2000) and the end of the dry season (September-October 2001). In each season higher egg outputs were recorded in the peri-parturient ewes compared to the unmated yearlings. The highest PPR occurred in September 2001, when lambing coincided with the end of the dry season, possibly as a result of maturation of hypobiotic larvae. The lowest PPR occurred in November 2000 when the onset of lambing coincided with the mid-short rains, possibly owing to low pasture infectivity associated with a long dry spell between January and October of the same year. The results of this study indicate that PPR occurred when lambing coincided with both the wet and the dry seasons. However, the magnitude was greatly influenced by the season when lambing occurred. It was also influenced by resumption of development of hypobiotic larvae and the nutritional status of the ewes. Not only should control of gastrointestinal nematode parasites in this area aim at preventing the occurrence of PPR by treating ewes 2-3 weeks before they are to lamb and during lactation, but the anthelmintic used must also eliminate hypobiotic larvae. In addition, the animals must be given supplementary feeding during this period.

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“…In addition, parasitised single-rearing ewes and goats usually have lower FEC and smaller worm burdens than their twin-rearing counterparts (Romjali et al 1997;Baker et al 1998;Donaldson et al 1998;Houdijk et al 2001a). High-yielding dairy goats may have a higher extent of BIP than low-producing goats (Hoste & Chartier, 1993;Chartier et al 2000).…”

Section: A Nutritional Basis For Periparturient Breakdown Of Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

2001

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The physiological processes that underlie the reproductive cycle impose considerable metabolisable protein (MP) demands on a female, especially during the periparturient period. When MP supply falls short of MP demand (i.e. MP becomes scarce), certain, if not all, bodily functions are expected to be penalised. It has been proposed that partitioning of scarce MP is prioritised to reproductive rather than to immune functions. In other words, at times of MP scarcity, the penalty on expression of immunity would be expected to be greater than that on reproduction. This hypothesis forms a nutritional basis for the occurrence of periparturient breakdown of immunity to parasites (BIP), which can be observed in many host-parasite systems.In the present review we explore this nutritional basis, using periparturient sheep infected with the abomasal nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta as an example, and attempt to quantify its occurrence. Evidence supporting the nutritional basis of periparturient BIP is reviewed, covering experiments in which nutrient supply (from both exogenous and endogenous sources) and/or nutrient demand were manipulated. Quantitatively, MP requirements for expression of immunity to T. circumcincta were estimated to be about 1 g/kg metabolic body weight (body weight 0·75 ) per d, approximately 5% of the maximum MP requirements of periparturient sheep. The major component of this requirement was assumed to be for replenishing irreversible plasma protein losses into the gastrointestinal tract. Although confirmation of this estimate is required, such estimates may be used to improve the known MP requirements of periparturient animals, enabling the extent and the consequences of periparturient BIP to be minimised. Nutrient partitioning around parturition: Immunity to parasites: Protein requirements of sheepBIP, breakdown of immunity to parasites; FEC, faecal egg count; Ig, immunoglobulin; MP, metabolisable protein

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Peri-parturient rise in faecal strongyle egg counts of different genotypes of sheep in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Gastrointestinal nematodes in rotationally grazing ewes in the mountainous region of central Mexico

Gastrointestinal nematodes in rotationally grazing ewes in the mountainous region of central Mexico

The effect of weather on the occurrence and magnitude of periparturient rise in trichostronglyid nematode egg output in Dorper ewes in a semi-arid area of Kajiado District of Kenya

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

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