Pericardial Effusion in a Dog with Pericardial Hemangiosarcoma

Gunasekaran, T.; Olivier, N. Bari; Smedley, Rebecca C.; Sanders, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2019.01.008

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…HSA can also occur in an extracardiac intrathoracic location, mainly in large vessels and in the pericardium, with a similar clinical manifestation but with punctual differences, such as the manifestation of a murmur [ 178 , 190 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 ]. Atypical symptomatology, such as neurological conditions, can also occur in relation to the presence of distant metastases [ 186 ].…”

Section: Cardiac Hemangiosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pericardiectomy minimizes clinical signs and prevents the recurrence of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade but does not increase tumor-related survival [ 1 , 15 , 28 , 178 , 187 ], except for masses located in the pericardium, which is considered a rare location [ 190 , 195 ]. Complications associated with this procedure include arrhythmias [ 15 , 187 ].…”

Section: Cardiac Hemangiosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET

Nardi

Massoco

Fonseca-Alves

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Hemangiosarcoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm originating in the endothelial cells of blood vessels; they can be classified as non-visceral and visceral types. Non-visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and muscle tissues; visceral hemangiosarcomas can affect the spleen, liver, heart, lungs, kidneys, oral cavity, bones, bladder, uterus, tongue, and retroperitoneum. Among domestic species, dogs are most affected by cutaneous HSA. Cutaneous HSA represents approximately 14% of all HSA diagnosed in this species and less than 5% of dermal tumors, according to North American studies. However, Brazilian epidemiological data demonstrate a higher prevalence, which may represent 27 to 80% of all canine HSAs and 13.9% of all skin neoplasms diagnosed in this species. Cutaneous HSA most commonly affects middle-aged to elderly dogs (between 8 and 15 years old), with no gender predisposition for either the actinic or non-actinic forms. The higher prevalence of cutaneous HSA in some canine breeds is related to lower protection from solar radiation, as low skin pigmentation and hair coverage lead to greater sun exposure. Actinic changes, such as solar dermatosis, are frequent in these patients, confirming the influence of solar radiation on the development of this neoplasm. There are multiple clinical manifestations of hemangiosarcoma in canines. The diagnostic approach and staging classification of cutaneous HSAs are similar between the different subtypes. The definitive diagnosis is obtained through histopathological analysis of incisional or excisional biopsies. Cytology can be used as a presurgical screening test; however, it has little diagnostic utility in cases of HSA because there is a high risk of blood contamination and sample hemodilution. Surgery is generally the treatment of choice for dogs with localized non-visceral HSA without evidence of metastatic disease. Recently, electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an alternative therapy for the local ablative treatment of different neoplastic types; the use of radiotherapy for the treatment of dogs with cutaneous HSA is uncommon. There is greater consensus in the literature regarding the indications for adjuvant chemotherapy in subcutaneous and muscular HSA; doxorubicin is the most frequently used antineoplastic agent for subcutaneous and muscular subtypes and can be administered alone or in combination with other drugs. Other therapies include antiangiogenic therapy, photodynamic therapy, the association of chemotherapy with the metronomic dose, targeted therapies, and natural products. The benefits of these therapies are presented and discussed. In general, the prognosis of splenic and cardiac HSA is unfavorable. As a challenging neoplasm, studies of new protocols and treatment modalities are necessary to control this aggressive disease.

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Section: Cardiac Hemangiosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Hemangiosarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET

Nardi

Massoco

Fonseca-Alves

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…Suspected primary pericardial hemangiosarcoma has been reported in two dogs, one presenting with haemorrhagic pericardial effusion with no overt cardiac mass or pericardial abnormalities, 12 and the second with suspected constrictive-effusive pericarditis leading to right-sided congestive heart failure. 12 Both dogs were treated with subtotal pericardiectomy and had diagnosis made on histopathology. The dog in this report had an interventricular mass that was noted on echocardiography, and additional pericardial and right auricular masses identified intra-operatively, as well as splenic and hepatic lesions found on abdominal imaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pericardial metastasis is uncommon in dogs, with a reported incidence of 1.8% 10 and 2.7% 11 of cases in dogs with primary cardiac hemangiosarcoma noted on postmortem examination. Suspected primary pericardial hemangiosarcoma has been reported in two dogs, one presenting with haemorrhagic pericardial effusion with no overt cardiac mass or pericardial abnormalities, 12 and the second with suspected constrictive‐effusive pericarditis leading to right‐sided congestive heart failure 12 . Both dogs were treated with subtotal pericardiectomy and had diagnosis made on histopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second degree AV block in a dog with cardiac hemangiosarcoma in the interventricular septum

Margiotta,

Sammarco,

Flores

2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 13‐year‐old, male, neutered Maltese presented for lethargy and anorexia. Clinical examination identified bradycardia and a grade 2/6 systolic left basilar murmur. A six‐lead electrocardiogram revealed high‐degree, 4:1 second‐degree atrioventricular block, with a rate of 40 beats per minute. Echocardiography revealed a large mass in the interventricular septum, an atypical location for a cardiac mass, as a potential cause of the arrhythmia. An epicardial pacemaker was placed and a mass within pericardium was biopsied. Histopathology revealed hemangiosarcoma. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy and was euthanased 2 months following diagnosis.

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“…One of the most common cardiac sarcomas in dogs is angiosarcoma [ 3 ]. This tumor is most often located in the right atrium, however disseminated form or located in other structure, such as pericardial sac [ 29 , 30 ] have also been described. Prognosis is poor and survival time vary from a few days to a few months [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A primary multiple pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart in an adult dog

Szaluś-Jordanow,

Czopowicz,

Moroz-Fik

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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Background Heart tumors are rare in dogs. They can be benign or malignant. Clinical signs depend primarily on the location of the tumor and its effect on blood flow. Case presentation An eleven-year-old crossbreed male dog lethargic and anorectic for previous 3 days was presented to the veterinary clinic. The focused ultrasound assessment with sonograms in trauma (FAST) revealed multiple tumors in the heart which were then confirmed in echocardiographic examination performed by a veterinary cardiologist. Due to the poor general condition and grave prognosis, the dog was humanely euthanized. The autopsy revealed numerous intracardiac tumors in all four heart chambers. No proliferative changes were found in other organs either in thoracic or abdominal cavity. Immunohistochemical examination was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from heart masses. The antibodies against myoglobin, desmin, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, CD34, S100, and pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) were used. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of fascicles of spindle-shaped cells with pale eosinophilic cytoplasm with round, oval, and focally elongated nuclei and one or two prominent nucleoli. The tumor cells showed strong diffuse cytoplasmic immunopositivity for myoglobin and vimentin and focal staining for desmin. Immunostainings for smooth muscle actin-SMA, CD34, pan-cytokeratin, S-100 protein were negative. The immunohistochemical staining pattern confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma. Conclusions This is the first description of the primary multiple heart rhabdomyosarcoma in a dog.

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Pericardial Effusion in a Dog with Pericardial Hemangiosarcoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET

Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Review Based on a Consensus Organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology, ABROVET

Second degree AV block in a dog with cardiac hemangiosarcoma in the interventricular septum

A primary multiple pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart in an adult dog

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