Pericyte Loss in Diseases

Li, Pengfei

doi:10.3390/cells12151931

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…The initial occurrence associated with AD is the accumulation of Aβ, which can lead to cerebral amyloid angiopathy . The buildup of Aβ surrounding blood vessels has the potential to cause pericyte death and altered astrocyte morphology, consequently compromising BBB integrity (Figure B) . Another major pathology hallmark in AD is the presence of tau deposits .…”

Section: Abnormal Bbb Structure In Cns Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier

Zha,

Liu,

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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The blood−brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized semipermeable structure that highly regulates exchanges between the central nervous system parenchyma and blood vessels. Thus, the BBB also prevents the passage of various forms of therapeutic agents, nanocarriers, and their cargos. Recently, many multidisciplinary studies focus on developing cargo-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to overcome these challenges, which are emerging as safe and effective vehicles in neurotheranostics. In this Review, first we introduce the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the BBB. Second, we present the endogenous and exogenous transport mechanisms by which NPs cross the BBB. We report various forms of nanomaterials, carriers, and their cargos, with their detailed BBB uptake and permeability characteristics. Third, we describe the effect of regulating the size, shape, charge, and surface ligands of NPs that affect their BBB permeability, which can be exploited to enhance and promote neurotheranostics. We classify typical functionalized nanomaterials developed for BBB crossing. Fourth, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in developing functional polymeric nanomaterials for applications in multimodal bioimaging, therapeutics, and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude by discussing existing challenges, directions, and future perspectives in employing functionalized nanomaterials for BBB crossing.

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Section: Abnormal Bbb Structure In Cns Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier

Zha,

Liu,

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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“…In the brain and retina, pericyte-to-endothelial cell ratio is 1:1, and pericytes are important components of the blood-brain barrier and blood-retina barrier. 66 In the lungs, pericyte-to-endothelial cell is 1:7-1:9 and pericytes are involved in optimal gas exchanges. 66 In the kidney, the ratio is 1:2.5, and changes in renal vascular permeability amplify renal structural and functional disorders.…”

Section: Pericytes' Physiological Functions In Pancreatic Isletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…66 In the lungs, pericyte-to-endothelial cell is 1:7-1:9 and pericytes are involved in optimal gas exchanges. 66 In the kidney, the ratio is 1:2.5, and changes in renal vascular permeability amplify renal structural and functional disorders. 67 We have estimated pericyte-to-endothelial cell ratio in mouse and human islets to be between 1:3 and 1:2, respectively.…”

Section: Pericytes' Physiological Functions In Pancreatic Isletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes as a Pancreatic Microvascular Disease—A Pericytic Perspective

Mateus Gonçalves,

Andrade Barboza,

Almaça

2024

J Histochem Cytochem.

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Diabetes is not only an endocrine but also a vascular disease. Vascular defects are usually seen as consequence of diabetes. However, at the level of the pancreatic islet, vascular alterations have been described before symptom onset. Importantly, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these early vascular defects have not been identified, neither how these could impact the function of islet endocrine cells. In this review, we will discuss the possibility that dysfunction of the mural cells of the microvasculature—known as pericytes—underlies vascular defects observed in islets in pre-symptomatic stages. Pericytes are crucial for vascular homeostasis throughout the body, but their physiological and pathophysiological functions in islets have only recently started to be explored. A previous study had already raised interest in the “microvascular” approach to this disease. With our increased understanding of the crucial role of the islet microvasculature for glucose homeostasis, here we will revisit the vascular aspects of islet function and how their deregulation could contribute to diabetes pathogenesis, focusing in particular on type 1 diabetes (T1D).

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“…PCs cover the outer side of capillaries and can regulate blood flow by controlling the diameter of the capillaries. In addition, PCs can also participate in clearing toxic proteins and forming tight junctions [ 40 ]. Astrocytes are the most widely distributed cells in the central nervous system.…”

Section: Neurovascular Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Ischemic Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment: The Promising Role of Neurovascular Unit-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Gao,

Liu,

Yue

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Ischemic stroke is a fatal and disabling disease worldwide and imposes a significant burden on society. At present, biological markers that can be conveniently measured in body fluids are lacking for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and there are no effective treatment methods to improve neurological function after ischemic stroke. Therefore, new ways of diagnosing and treating ischemic stroke are urgently needed. The neurovascular unit, composed of neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and other components, plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of ischemic stroke. Extracellular vesicles are nanoscale lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by various cells. The key role of extracellular vesicles, which can be released by cells in the neurovascular unit and serve as significant facilitators of cellular communication, in ischemic stroke has been extensively documented in recent literature. Here, we highlight the role of neurovascular unit-derived extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke, the current status of extracellular vesicle engineering for ischemic stroke treatment, and the problems encountered in the clinical translation of extracellular vesicle therapies. Extracellular vesicles derived from the neurovascular unit could provide an important contribution to diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the future, and more studies in this area should be carried out.

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Pericyte Loss in Diseases

Cited by 17 publications

References 219 publications

Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier

Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier

Diabetes as a Pancreatic Microvascular Disease—A Pericytic Perspective

Revolutionizing Ischemic Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment: The Promising Role of Neurovascular Unit-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

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